Prueba de ventilación espontánea con 5 y 10 minutos en recién nacidos de muy bajo peso: ensayo controlado aleatorio

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28338

Palabras clave:

Recien Nacido Prematuro; Recién Nacido de muy Bajo Peso; Extubación Traqueal; Respiración Artificial; Desconexión del Ventilador; Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de una Prueba de ventilación espontánea (PVE) de 5 y 10 minutos en las tasas de extubación exitosa de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso (RNMBP) en comparación con el juicio clínico solo. Se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorio doble ciego en dos Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de Alagoas, Brasil, que incluyó 88 RNMBP asignados en tres grupos: grupo de control, PVE de 5 minutos y PVE de 10 minutos. El PVE se realizó con el modo ventilatorio ET-CPAP con PEEP de 5 cmH2O, flujo inspiratorio de 10 L/min y FiO2 del 30%. El resultado primario fue la tasa de extubación exitosa, definida como la ausencia de necesidad de reintubación en los 7 días siguientes a la extubación. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en cuanto a la proporción de tasas de extubación exitosa (p = 0,644), la displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) (p = 0,790) y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria (p = 0,175). Superar la PVE de 5 minutos o la de 10 minutos no mejoró las tasas de extubación exitosa en los RNMBP en comparación con el juicio clínico por sí solo ni supuso una diferencia en la aparición de DBP ni en la duración de la estancia hospitalaria. El desarrollo de una prueba de predicción de la preparación para la extubación sigue siendo un reto en el manejo ventilatorio de la población neonatal.

Citas

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Publicado

10/04/2022

Cómo citar

TEIXEIRA, R. F.; COSTA, C. M. X. .; RODRIGUES, R. C. A.; SILVA, M. de J. S.; CALHEIROS, A. K. . de M.; SANTOS, V. S. .; KASSAR, S. B. .; GURGEL, R. Q. .; MEDEIROS, A. M. C. Prueba de ventilación espontánea con 5 y 10 minutos en recién nacidos de muy bajo peso: ensayo controlado aleatorio. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 5, p. e39011528338, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28338. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/28338. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud