Letramiento en salud en la diabetes: propiedades psicométricas de una nueva escala y efecto en parámetros bioquímicos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28553

Palabras clave:

Alfabetización en Salud; Educación en Salud; Diabetes Mellitus; Promoción de la Salud; Psicometría.

Resumen

Este estudio evaluó las competencias (acceso, comprensión/evaluación y aplicación) del Letramiento en Salud (LS), utilizando una nueva escala desarrollada y su asociación con el perfil bioquímico entre personas que viven con diabetes. Para diagnóstico de la diabetes, fueron utilizados parámetros bioquímicos. Para validación de constructo de la escala, fueron utilizadas Análisis Factorial (AFE) y Análisis Factorial Confirmatoria (AFC). Análisis estadísticas estimaron la asociación del LS con parámetros socioeconómicos, bioquímicos, antropométricos y cognitivos. Los resultados muestran que 91,9% recibieron informaciones relacionadas a la diabetes. AFE demostró adecuado índice de ajuste (KMO = 0,919) y los ítems fueron agrupados en 3 factores: acceso, comprensión/evaluación y aplicación. AFC confirmó el ajuste del modelo (l²/df = 2.09; RMSEA = 0.061). Altos niveles de acceso a la información relacionada a diabetes implicaron en altos niveles autoinformados de aplicación. Sin embargo, elevado nivel de aplicación no fuera asociado con mejor perfil bioquímico (p < 0,05), incluyendo la dosis de hemoglobina glicosilada. Modelos de regresión mostraron que rasgos, como color de piel y cognición, fueron asociados con alto nivel de LS en todos los dominios. Además, una proporción mayor de hombres tuvo mayor acceso a la información relacionada a diabetes, cuando comparado a las mujeres. Estos resultados demuestran que diferentes factores deben ser considerados en el proceso del LS para lograr adecuado autocuidado en el control de la enfermedad y en la prevención de complicaciones. Informaciones de salud para personas que viven con diabetes deben focar en factores de riesgo o comportamientos que modulan los parámetros bioquímicos.  

Citas

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Publicado

16/04/2022

Cómo citar

CRESPO, T. S.; SOUZA, J. G. S.; FERREIRA, A. C.; SANTOS, S. H. S.; MARTINS, A. M. E. de B. L. Letramiento en salud en la diabetes: propiedades psicométricas de una nueva escala y efecto en parámetros bioquímicos. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 5, p. e58511528553, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28553. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/28553. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud