Complicaciones renales resultantes de la infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30276

Palabras clave:

Covid-19; Nefropatías; Lesión renal aguda; Lesión renal; Complicaciones renales.

Resumen

Se sabe que el Covid-19, patología descubierta a finales del 2019, en la ciudad de Wuhan, China, se ha extendido en varios países, caracterizándose como una pandemia, ha venido provocando varias complicaciones, siendo la principal el síndrome de malestar. enfermedad respiratoria aguda (SDRA), pero puede causar daño a otros órganos. Así, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las lesiones renales provocadas por el Covid-19 y cuáles son las principales manifestaciones renales que presenta. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura, anclada en las bases de datos Google Scholar, ScientifEletronic Library Online (SciELO) y PubMED, utilizando los descriptores: “covid-19”, “nefropatías”, “lesión renal aguda”, “daño renal”, “renal complicaciones”, publicado en inglés y portugués durante el año 2020 a 2022. Se recopilaron 550 producciones científicas, se seleccionaron 50 producciones, 30 de las cuales cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión después de la verificación de los resúmenes, pero solo 20 fueron utilizadas después de la lectura completa de los contenidos . Los análisis sugieren que las principales lesiones renales provocadas son alteraciones electrolíticas, proteinuria, hematuria, acidosis metabólica, que conducen a aumento de creatinina y disminución de la tasa de filtración glomerular, esto se debe a la cascada de inflamación sistémica e hipercitocinemia (IL-6, IL-2, TNF -alfa e IL-10) que resultan en disfunción endotelial sistémica y un estado de hipercoagulabilidad que causa daño tubular en pacientes con síndrome renal agudo.

Citas

Akalin, E., Azzi, Y., Bartash, R., Seethamraju, H., Parides, M., Hemmige, V., Ross, M., Forest, S., Goldstein, Y. D., Ajaimy, M., Liriano-Ward, L., Pynadath, C., Loarte-Campos, P., Nandigam, P. B., Graham, J., Le, M., Rocca, J., & Kinkhabwala, M. (2020). Covid-19 and Kidney Transplantation. The New England journal of medicine, 382(25), 2475–2477. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2011117

Argenziano, M. G., Bruce, S. L., Slater, C. L., Tiao, J. R., Baldwin, M. R., Barr, R. G., Chang, B. P., Chau, K. H., Choi, J. J., Gavin, N., Goyal, P., Mills, A. M., Patel, A. A., Romney, M. S., Safford, M. M., Schluger, N. W., Sengupta, S., Sobieszczyk, M. E., Zucker, J. E., Asadourian, P. A., … Chen, R. (2020). Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: retrospective case series. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 369, m1996. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1996

Asghar, M. S., Haider Kazmi, S. J., Khan, N. A., Akram, M., Hassan, M., Rasheed, U., & Ahmed Khan, S. (2020). Poor Prognostic Biochemical Markers Predicting Fatalities Caused by COVID-19: A Retrospective Observational Study From a Developing Country. Cureus, 12(8), e9575. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.9575.

Bastug, A., Bodur, H., Erdogan, S., Gokcinar, D., Kazancioglu, S., Kosovali, B. D., Ozbay, B. O., Gok, G., Turan, I. O., Yilmaz, G., Gonen, C. C., & Yilmaz, F. M. (2020). Clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19: Predictors of severe prognosis. International immunopharmacology, 88, 106950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106950

Brasil. (2021). Boletim Epidemiológico Especial – Doença pelo Coronavírus COVID-19. Ministério da Saúde – Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde.

Corrêa, T.D & Ferraz, L.J. (2020). Recomendações de suporte intensivo para pacientes graves com infecção suspeira ou confirmada pela COVID-19. Einstein (São Paulo). V. 18

Diao, B., Wang, C., Wang, R., Feng, Z., Zhang, J., Yang, H., Tan, Y., Wang, H., Wang, C., Liu, L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, G., Yuan, Z., Hou, X., Ren, L., Wu, Y., & Chen, Y. (2021). Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Nature communications, 12(1), 2506. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22781-1

Elshazli, R. M., Toraih, E. A., Elgaml, A., El-Mowafy, M., El-Mesery, M., Amin, M. N., Hussein, M. H., Killackey, M. T., Fawzy, M. S., & Kandil, E. (2020). Diagnostic and prognostic value of hematological and immunological markers in COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis of 6320 patients. PloS one, 15(8), e0238160. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238160

Ghobadi, H. et al. (2020). COVID-19 and acute kidney injury; a case report. J. Renal Inj Prev. 9(3): e26. https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2020.26p

Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5

Hirsch, J. S., Ng, J. H., Ross, D. W., Sharma, P., Shah, H. H., Barnett, R. L., Hazzan, A. D., Fishbane, S., Jhaveri, K. D., Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium, & Northwell Nephrology COVID-19 Research Consortium (2020). Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Kidney international, 98(1), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.05.006

Jose, R. J., & Manuel, A. (2020). COVID-19 cytokine storm: the interplay between inflammation and coagulation. The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 8(6), e46–e47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30216-2

Lima, A.A. et al. (2022). Complicações renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas com COVID-19 hospitalizadas: scoping review. Research, Society and Development, v. 11, n.1, e 40811125217

Monte,L.M. (2020). Complicações atípicas e características clínico-epidemiológicas do COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa. Electronic Journal Collection Health Vol.Esp.46. ISSN 2178-2091.

Naicker, S., Yang, C. W., Hwang, S. J., Liu, B. C., Chen, J. H., & Jha, V. (2020). The Novel Coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys. Kidney international, 97(5), 824–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.001

Nogueira, S., Oliveira, S., Carvalho, A., Neves, J., Silva, L., Silva Junior, G., & Nobre, M. (2020). Renal changes and acute kidney injury in covid-19: a systematic review. Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992), 66Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 112–117. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.S2.112

Pecly, I.M et al. (2021). Uma revisão da Covid-19 e lesão renal aguda: da fisiopatologia aos resultados clínicos. Braz. J. Nephrol. v. 43, n. 4 [Acessado 1 Junho 2022] , pp. 551-571. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2020-0204>. Epub 28 Maio 2021. ISSN 2175-8239. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2020-0204.

Pereira, A. S. et al. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa cientifica. [free e-book]. Santa Maria: UAB/NTE/UFSM. https://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/15824/Lic_Computacao_Metodologia-Pesquisa-Cientifica.pdf?sequence=1.

Petrilli, C. M., Jones, S. A., Yang, J., Rajagopalan, H., O'Donnell, L., Chernyak, Y., Tobin, K. A., Cerfolio, R. J., Francois, F., & Horwitz, L. I. (2020). Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 369, m1966. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1966

Qian, J. Y., Wang, B., Lv, L. L., & Liu, B. C. (2021). Pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Frontiers in physiology, 12, 586589. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.586589

Ramirez-Sandoval, J. C., Gaytan-Arocha, J. E., Xolalpa-Chávez, P., Mejia-Vilet, J. M., Arvizu-Hernandez, M., Rivero-Sigarroa, E., Torruco-Sotelo, C., Correa-Rotter, R., & Vega-Vega, O. (2021). Prolonged Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapy for Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Blood purification, 50(3), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.1159/000510996

Richardson, S., Hirsch, J. S., Narasimhan, M., Crawford, J. M., McGinn, T., Davidson, K. W., the Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium, Barnaby, D. P., Becker, L. B., Chelico, J. D., Cohen, S. L., Cookingham, J., Coppa, K., Diefenbach, M. A., Dominello, A. J., Duer-Hefele, J., Falzon, L., Gitlin, J., Hajizadeh, N., Harvin, T. G., … Zanos, T. P. (2020). Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area. JAMA, 323(20), 2052–2059. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.6775

Ronco, C., & Reis, T. (2020). Kidney involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies. Nature reviews. Nephrology, 16(6), 308–310. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-020-0284-7

Sang, L., Chen, S., Zheng, X., Guan, W., Zhang, Z., Liang, W., Zhong, M., Jiang, L., Pan, C., Zhang, W., Xia, J., Chen, N., Wu, W., Wu, H., Xu, Y., Liu, X., Liu, X., He, J., Li, S., Zhang, D., … Li, Y. (2020). The incidence, risk factors and prognosis of acute kidney injury in severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19 in mainland China: a retrospective study. BMC pulmonary medicine, 20(1), 290. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-020-01305-5

Naicker, S., Yang, C. W., Hwang, S. J., Liu, B. C., Chen, J. H., & Jha, V. (2020). The Novel Coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys. Kidney international, 97(5), 824–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.001

Li, R., Pei, S., Chen, B., Song, Y., Zhang, T., Yang, W., & Shaman, J. (2020). Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Science (New York, N.Y.), 368(6490), 489–493. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb3221

Yang, F. et al. (2020). Analysis of 92 deceased patients with COVID‐19. J. Med. Virol., 92:2511–2515. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25891.

Zhen L, et al. (2020). Caution on Kidney Dysfunctions of COVID-19 Patients. MedRxiv, v.1 pg 1-25

Publicado

14/06/2022

Cómo citar

COLLI, E. de H. .; DAVALOS, S. R. A. .; BENÍTEZ, D. F. D. .; OLIVEIRA, F. A. de .; CAMPOS, C. B. S. .; PINHEIRO, M. E. de L. .; TAVARES, M. A. de S. B. .; SANTOS, T. F. dos . Complicaciones renales resultantes de la infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 8, p. e17411830276, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30276. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/30276. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud