Cymbopogon sp. de la etnobotánica a los antimicrobianos: una revisión integrative
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31587Palabras clave:
Plantas Medicinales; Fitoterapia; Etnofarmacología; Poaceae; Lemongrass; Microbiología.Resumen
Considerando el amplio potencial del género Cymbopogon, aquí presentamos un estudio sistemático de literatura sobre su potencial antimicrobiano. Es una revisión de artículos de las plataformas Scielo y PubMed. Los artículos investigados fueron publicados entre 2015 y 2020, con el tema de microbiología, incluyendo estudios etnobotánicos, revisiones de literatura, in vitro, in vivo, informes de ensayos clínicos. Se excluyeron trabajos fuera del período seleccionado, artículos duplicados y aquellos que solo reportaron infecciones de plantas por microorganismos. Se seleccionaron 98 estudios, 74% encontrados en PubMed y 26% en Scielo. De este total, 21% fueron revisiones de literatura o etnobotánica/etnofarmacología, la mayoría reportando uso de infusiones de la especie C. citratus (DC.) Stapf. Además, en 57% de los estudios, los encuestados no informaron uso de antimicrobianos. Con relación al 79% de los estudios experimentales, se observó que 77% reportó inhibición total del crecimiento microbiano, 3% indicó inhibición moderada del crecimiento, 4% baja inhibición del crecimiento y 5% no informó inhibición. Entre las especies microbianas analizadas se encuentran Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Borrelia burgdorferi, Candida albicans, Salmonella enterica y Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Además, 5% de los artículos reportaron actividad antiviral, 5% control parasitario, 1% acción preventiva contra contaminación por microorganismos mesófilos. Aunque la población no conoce la actividad antimicrobiana de Cymbopogon sp., estudios han demostrado su potencial antimicrobiano, por que los extractos de este género pueden ser una alternativa para su uso en la medicina popular así como fuente de nuevos fármacos con acción antimicrobiana.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Guilherme Mendes Prado; Júlio Cesar Sousa Prado; Carlos Victor Fontenele Pinheiro; Erika Alexandra Daza-Cardona; Francisco César Barroso Barbosa; Elnatan Bezerra de Souza; Raquel Oliveira dos Santos Fontenelle
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