Tratamiento y evolución de casos de Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico en niños seguidos en un hospital universitario de referencia en Río de Janeiro

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33534

Palabras clave:

Pediatría; Enfermedad grave; Infección por SARS-CoV-2; UCI pediátrica; OMS; Inmunoglobulina intravenosa.

Resumen

El síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico en niños (MIS-C) es una enfermedad rara y grave asociada con el virus SARS-CoV-2. Las manifestaciones clínicas son variadas y la evidencia sobre el tratamiento farmacológico aún es limitada, observándose el uso de fármacos antiinflamatorios e inmunomoduladores. [Objetivo] Describir las características clínicas, de laboratorio y farmacológicas de un grupo de niños con MIS-C. [Método] Estudio de caso de niños y adolescentes con MIS-C ingresados ​​en un hospital universitario entre abril y diciembre de 2020. El diagnóstico y caracterización consideró los criterios descritos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los niños fueron seguidos desde su ingreso al hospital hasta los primeros tres meses después del alta. [Resultados] Doce niños fueron incluidos en el estudio y once requirieron atención en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UTIP). La mediana de edad fue de ocho años. Ocho niños eran varones y ocho fueron declarados negros o morenos. Todos los pacientes tenían fiebre. Otros hallazgos se relacionaron con dolor abdominal (ocho niños); erupción (siete); conjuntivitis (seis); vómitos y diarrea (cuatro). Entre los pacientes ingresados en la UCIP, cinco requirieron ventilación mecánica. Todos recibieron terapia antibiótica. Se utilizó inmunoglobulina intravenosa en once (91,7%) niños. El uso de enoxaparina, ácido acetilsalicílico y metilprednisolona ocurrió en once, diez y ocho pacientes, respectivamente. Todos los niños evolucionaron bien después del alta. [Conclusión] En esta muestra hubo predominio del sexo masculino y de la raza negra/parda. La buena evolución clínica, analítica y ecocardiográfica al alta hospitalaria y durante el primer trimestre de seguimiento plantea hipótesis favorables sobre los tratamientos instaurados.

Citas

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Publicado

21/08/2022

Cómo citar

CUNHA, L. G. da .; SILVA, A. R. O. da .; LOPES, L. C. .; SILVA, R. M. .; SOUZA, A. T. A. M. de .; ZEITEL , R. de S. .; LIMA, E. da C. . Tratamiento y evolución de casos de Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico en niños seguidos en un hospital universitario de referencia en Río de Janeiro. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 11, p. e251111133534, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33534. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/33534. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud