Sobrediagnóstico en el contexto del cáncer

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34071

Palabras clave:

Sobrediagnóstico; Programas de seguimiento; Neoplasias.

Resumen

Introducción: El sobrediagnóstico se caracteriza por el diagnóstico innecesario de patologías en pacientes asintomáticos a través de programas de cribado o exámenes de rutina, patología que no conduciría a síntomas graves o muerte. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura sobre el Sobrediagnóstico en el contexto del cáncer y cómo esta práctica impacta en la vida de los pacientes, así como en el sistema de salud y el gasto público. Métodos: Revisión integradora de la literatura sobre Sobrediagnóstico en el contexto del cáncer realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE y PubMED de enero a mayo de 2021, con artículos completos y originales seleccionados en portugués, inglés y español. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 24 artículos que abordan el tema del Sobrediagnóstico en el contexto del cáncer de próstata, mama, tiroides, pulmón e intestino. Conclusión: Los estudios muestran el impacto del Sobrediagnóstico en el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer, hecho que repercute directamente en la salud psicológica del paciente y en los gastos del sistema sanitario. Es necesario seguir investigando para encontrar nuevas formas de detección del cáncer para reducir los riesgos para la salud de la población y reorientar el presupuesto del gobierno a situaciones realmente necesarias.

Citas

Ahdoot, M., Wilbur, A. R., Reese, S. E., Lebastchi, A. H., Mehralivand, S., Gomella, P. T., . . . Pinto, P. A. (2020). MRI-Targeted, Systematic, and Combined Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. 382(10), 917-928. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1910038

Andriole, G. L., Crawford, E. D., Grubb, R. L., 3rd, Buys, S. S., Chia, D., Church, T. R., . . . Berg, C. D. (2009). Mortality results from a randomized prostate-cancer screening trial. N Engl J Med, 360(13), 1310-1319. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0810696

Araújo, F. A. G. d. R., Sumita, N. M., & Barroso, U. d. O. J. I. b. j. u. (2019). A continuous fall of PSA use for prostate cancer screening among Brazilian doctors since 2001. Good or bad notice? , 45, 478-485.

Armstrong, N. (2021). Overdiagnosis and overtreatment: a sociological perspective on tackling a contemporary healthcare issue. 43(1), 58-64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13186

Autier, P., Boniol, M., Middleton, R., Doré, J. F., Héry, C., Zheng, T., & Gavin, A. (2011). Advanced breast cancer incidence following population-based mammographic screening. Ann Oncol, 22(8), 1726-1735. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdq633

Beckmann, K., Duffy, S. W., Lynch, J., Hiller, J., Farshid, G., & Roder, D. (2015). Estimates of over-diagnosis of breast cancer due to population-based mammography screening in South Australia after adjustment for lead time effects. J Med Screen, 22(3), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969141315573978

Benderska-Söder, N., Hovanec, J., Pesch, B., Goebell, P. J., Roghmann, F., Noldus, J., . . . Schmitz-Dräger, B. J. (2020). Toward noninvasive follow-up of low-risk bladder cancer - Rationale and concept of the UroFollow trial. Urol Oncol, 38(12), 886-895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.01.006

Bergdahl, A. G., Wilderäng, U., Aus, G., Carlsson, S., Damber, J.-E., Frånlund, M., . . . Stranne, J. J. E. u. (2016). Role of magnetic resonance imaging in prostate cancer screening: a pilot study within the Göteborg randomised screening trial. 70(4), 566-573.

Bleijenberg, A. G., JE, I. J., van Herwaarden, Y. J., Carballal, S., Pellisé, M., Jung, G., . . . Dekker, E. (2020). Personalised surveillance for serrated polyposis syndrome: results from a prospective 5-year international cohort study. Gut, 69(1), 112-121. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318134

Blom, E. F., Ten Haaf, K., & de Koning, H. J. (2020). Trends in lung cancer risk and screening eligibility affect overdiagnosis estimates. Lung Cancer, 139, 200-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.11.024

Carter, S. M., & Barratt, A. (2017). What is overdiagnosis and why should we take it seriously in cancer screening? http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17022

Charvin, M., Launoy, G., & Berchi, C. (2020). The effect of information on prostate cancer screening decision process: a discrete choice experiment. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1), 467. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05327-x

Cho, H. N., Choi, E., Seo, D. H., Park, B., Park, S., Cho, J., . . . Choi, K. S. (2019). Determinants of undergoing thyroid cancer screening in Korean women: a cross-sectional analysis from the K-Stori 2016. BMJ Open, 9(4), e026366. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026366

Choi, S. W., Ryu, S. Y., Han, M. A., & Park, J. (2018). Higher breast cancer prevalence associated with higher socioeconomic status in the South Korean population; Has it resulted from overdiagnosis? PLOS ONE, 13(7), e0200484. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200484

Coll-Benejam, T., Bravo-Toledo, R., Marcos-Calvo, M. P., & Astier-Peña, M. P. (2018). Impact of overdiagnosis and overtreatment on the patient, the health system and society [Impacto del sobrediagnóstico y sobretratamiento en el paciente, el sistema sanitario y la sociedad]. Atencion primaria, 50 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2018.08.004

Degeling, C., Barratt, A., Aranda, S., Bell, R., Doust, J., Houssami, N., . . . Carter, S. M. (2018). Should women aged 70–74 be invited to participate in screening mammography? A report on two Australian community juries. BMJ Open, 8(6), e021174. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021174

Duffy, S., Vulkan, D., Cuckle, H., Parmar, D., Sheikh, S., Smith, R., . . . Moss, S. (2020). Annual mammographic screening to reduce breast cancer mortality in women from age 40 years: long-term follow-up of the UK Age RCT. Health Technol Assess, 24(55), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta24550

Glasziou, P. P., Jones, M. A., Pathirana, T., Barratt, A. L., & Bell, K. J. (2020). Estimating the magnitude of cancer overdiagnosis in Australia. Med J Aust, 212(4), 163-168. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50455

González Maldonado, S., Motsch, E., Trotter, A., Kauczor, H. U., Heussel, C. P., Hermann, S., . . . Kaaks, R. (2021). Overdiagnosis in lung cancer screening: Estimates from the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Trial. Int J Cancer, 148(5), 1097-1105. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33295

Hersch, J., McGeechan, K., Barratt, A., Jansen, J., Irwig, L., Jacklyn, G., . . . McCaffery, K. (2017). How information about overdetection changes breast cancer screening decisions: a mediation analysis within a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, 7(10), e016246. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016246

Jacklyn, G., Glasziou, P., Macaskill, P., & Barratt, A. (2016). Meta-analysis of breast cancer mortality benefit and overdiagnosis adjusted for adherence: improving information on the effects of attending screening mammography. Br J Cancer, 114(11), 1269-1276. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.90

Janovsky, C. C. P. S., Bittencourt, M. S., Novais, M. A. P. d., Maciel, R., Biscolla, R. P. M., Zucchi, P. J. A. o. E., & Metabolism. (2018). Thyroid cancer burden and economic impact on the Brazilian public health system. 62, 537-544.

Jegerlehner, S., Chiolero, A., Aujesky, D., Rodondi, N., Germann, S., Konzelmann, I., . . . One, N. W. G. J. P. (2019). Recent incidence and surgery trends for prostate cancer: Towards an attenuation of overdiagnosis and overtreatment? , 14(2), e0210434.

Kovac, E., Carlsson, S. V., Lilja, H., Hugosson, J., Kattan, M. W., Holmberg, E., & Stephenson, A. J. J. J. n. o. (2020). Association of baseline prostate-specific antigen level with long-term diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer among patients aged 55 to 60 years: a secondary analysis of a cohort in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. 3(1), e1919284-e1919284.

Kundra, A., Goldstein, D. P., Wintemute, K., Ghai, S., Tsang, R. W., Gupta, K., . . . Sawka, A. M. (2019). A pilot study examining Toronto-area family physician perspectives on thyroid neoplasm evaluation. Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, 48(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-019-0349-4

Martin, R. M., Donovan, J. L., Turner, E. L., Metcalfe, C., Young, G. J., Walsh, E. I., . . . Group, f. t. C. T. (2018). Effect of a Low-Intensity PSA-Based Screening Intervention on Prostate Cancer Mortality: The CAP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 319(9), 883-895. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.0154 %J JAMA

Mendes, K. D. S., Silveira, R. C. d. C. P., Galvão, C. M. J. T., & contexto-enfermagem. (2008). Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. 17, 758-764.

Migowski, A., Silva, G. A., Dias, M. B. K., Diz, M. D. P. E., Sant’Ana, D. R., & Nadanovsky, P. J. C. d. S. P. (2018). Diretrizes para detecção precoce do câncer de mama no Brasil. II-Novas recomendações nacionais, principais evidências e controvérsias. 34, e00074817.

Modesto, A. A. D. A., Lima, R. L. B. d., D’Angelis, A. C., & Augusto, D. K. J. I.-C., Saúde, Educação. (2017). Um novembro não tão azul: debatendo rastreamento de câncer de próstata e saúde do homem.

Moss, J. L., Roy, S., Shen, C., Cooper, J. D., Lennon, R. P., Lengerich, E. J., . . . Ruffin, M. T. t. (2020). Geographic Variation in Overscreening for Colorectal, Cervical, and Breast Cancer Among Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open, 3(7), e2011645. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11645

O'Grady, T. J., Gates, M. A., & Boscoe, F. P. (2015). Thyroid cancer incidence attributable to overdiagnosis in the United States 1981-2011. Int J Cancer, 137(11), 2664-2673. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29634

Pastorino, U., Silva, M., Sestini, S., Sabia, F., Boeri, M., Cantarutti, A., . . . Marchianò, A. (2019). Prolonged lung cancer screening reduced 10-year mortality in the MILD trial: new confirmation of lung cancer screening efficacy. Ann Oncol, 30(7), 1162-1169. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz117

Pastorino, U., Sverzellati, N., Sestini, S., Silva, M., Sabia, F., Boeri, M., . . . Marchianò, A. (2019). Ten-year results of the Multicentric Italian Lung Detection trial demonstrate the safety and efficacy of biennial lung cancer screening. Eur J Cancer, 118, 142-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2019.06.009

Pinsky, P. F., Prorok, P. C., Yu, K., Kramer, B. S., Black, A., Gohagan, J. K., . . . Andriole, G. L. (2017). Extended mortality results for prostate cancer screening in the PLCO trial with median follow-up of 15 years. Cancer, 123(4), 592-599. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30474

Riganti, P., Discacciati, V., Terrasa, S., & Kopitowski, K. J. R. A. d. S. P. (2018). Factores motivacionales que influyen sobre las mujeres en la realización de mamografías de tamizaje de cáncer de mama. 9(37), 22-28.

Silva., I. N. d. C. J. A. G. d. (2020). ABC do câncer : abordagens básicas para o controle do câncer / Instituto Nacional

de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva.

Soares, S. C. M., de Camargo Cancela, M., Migowski, A., & de Souza, D. L. B. (2019). Digital rectal examination and its associated factors in the early detection of prostate cancer: a cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1573. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7946-z

Souza, M. T. d., Silva, M. D. d., & Carvalho, R. d. J. E. (2010). Revisão integrativa: o que é e como fazer. 8, 102-106.

Tesser, C. D., & d'Ávila, T. L. d. C. (2016). Por que reconsiderar a indicação do rastreamento do câncer de mama? J Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 32.

Toscas, F. S., & Toscas, F. J. R. B. (2015). Sobrediagnóstico e suas implicações na engenharia clínica. 23, 535-541.

Vaccarella, S., Franceschi, S., Bray, F., Wild, C. P., Plummer, M., & Dal Maso, L. (2016). Worldwide Thyroid-Cancer Epidemic? The Increasing Impact of Overdiagnosis. N Engl J Med, 375(7), 614-617. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1604412

Welch, H. G., & Black, W. C. (2010). Overdiagnosis in Cancer. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 102(9), 605-613. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq099

Welch, H. G., Kramer, B. S., & Black, W. C. (2019). Epidemiologic Signatures in Cancer. 381(14), 1378-1386. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsr1905447

Welch, H. G., Prorok, P. C., O’Malley, A. J., & Kramer, B. S. (2016). Breast-Cancer Tumor Size, Overdiagnosis, and Mammography Screening Effectiveness. 375(15), 1438-1447. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1600249

Wu, W. Y., Törnberg, S., Elfström, K. M., Liu, X., Nyström, L., & Jonsson, H. (2018). Overdiagnosis in the population-based organized breast cancer screening program estimated by a non-homogeneous multi-state model: a cohort study using individual data with long-term follow-up. Breast Cancer Res, 20(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-018-1082-z

Publicado

08/09/2022

Cómo citar

SILVA , G. S. .; GRAH, V. M. .; SANTI, J. G. .; BORGES, B. S. .; SILVA, E. T. L. .; PAES, G. B. .; BRAGATO, S. G. R. .; ALMADA, M. O. R. do V. . Sobrediagnóstico en el contexto del cáncer. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 12, p. e98111234071, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34071. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34071. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud