Intervenciones terapéuticas ocupacionales para las Actividades de la Vida Diaria en Cuidado Paliativos oncológicos: revisión integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i1.39497Palabras clave:
Actividades Cotidianas; Cuidados Paliativos; Terapia ocupacional.Resumen
Objetivo: analizar las intervenciones de Terapia Ocupacional para mejorar la participación en las Actividades de la Vida Diaria de pacientes en Cuidados Paliativos oncológicos. Metodología: revisión integrativa, con análisis por estadística descriptiva. Los resultados fueron discutidos en las categorías: “aspectos evaluados”, “problemas identificados” e “intervenciones propuestas”, con base en la Clasificación Internacional de Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud. Resultados: Los aspectos evaluados incluyeron las habilidades requeridas y la calidad de la participación. Los problemas más frecuentes fueron las restricciones a la participación, las deficiencias corporales y las barreras ambientales. Las intervenciones de Terapia Ocupacional fueron la recuperación y compensación de funciones físicas y cognitivas, y control de síntomas; fomento de la participación, cambio de rutina, hábitos y adaptaciones ambientales. Conclusión: las intervenciones de Terapia Ocupacional se centraron en la participación en las Actividades de la Vida Diaria durante todas las etapas de la enfermedad, a través de la recuperación de las funciones corporales o la adaptación de la estructura de la actividad y los factores contextuales. Consideraciones finales: esta revisión agrega a la producción en Cuidados Paliativos un perfil de intervenciones para mantener la participación y autonomía de los pacientes, objetivo principal de este abordaje, además de fortalecer la relevancia de la Terapia Ocupacional en los equipos de salud.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Ana Paula Correa Ferreira; Patrícia dos Santos Claro Fuly; Janaína Santos Nascimento
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