Panorama clínico y epidemiológico de la fibrosis hepática y el carcinoma hepatocelular en pacientes infectados con el virus de la hepatitis C

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4645

Palabras clave:

Virus de la hepatitis C; Fibrosis hepática; Carcinoma hepatocelular; Antivirales de acción directa.

Resumen

Alrededor de 2.4 millones de personas mueren cada año en todo el mundo como resultado de una infección crónica con el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC). El VHC es un problema mundial, más de 170 millones de personas están infectadas con el virus en todo el mundo, lo que corresponde a aproximadamente el 3% de la población. Algunos indicios comunes para pacientes con infección crónica por VHC son: aumento de la actividad enzimática del hígado y enfermedades hepáticas crónicas, como fibrosis, cirrosis y carcinoma hepatocelular. El presente estudio consiste en una revisión de la literatura, de naturaleza cualitativa tiene como objetivo abordar los principales aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la infección crónica por el VHC. La detección del VHC se realiza mediante la detección de anticuerpos mediante un ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas (ELISA) y la detección de RNA del VHC a través de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Las técnicas de detección actuales no son una realidad para todos los centros médicos y clínicas ambulatorias, por lo que es necesario desarrollar nuevas técnicas de detección, ya que el aparato tecnológico para realizar investigaciones sobre RNA-VHC, así como ELISA es una realidad distante para gran parte del sistema de salud global. El desarrollo de antivirales de acción directa aumentó la respuesta viral, alcanzando una tasa de éxito de hasta el 92.7%. Es necesario monitorear a los pacientes después del tratamiento, así como tratar a los pacientes que todavía están afectados por el virus en todo el mundo, para asegurar que no haya progresión de la fibrosis hepática en la cirrosis, ni el desarrollo de CHC. Además, se debe mantener la vigilancia de posibles mutaciones y la aparición de resistencia viral a los DAAs.

Citas

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Publicado

04/06/2020

Cómo citar

FARIAS, J. V. C.; FARIAS, I. C. C.; MACEDO, P. R.; MOURA, P. M. M. F. de. Panorama clínico y epidemiológico de la fibrosis hepática y el carcinoma hepatocelular en pacientes infectados con el virus de la hepatitis C. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 7, p. e688974645, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4645. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/4645. Acesso em: 27 sep. 2024.

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