Un modelo biopsicosocial para la evaluación de la imagen corporal en adolescentes: Uso de medios, comportamiento alimentario y construcción muscular en foco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i12.47688Palabras clave:
Imagen corporal; Modelos biopsicosociales; Adolescentes; Redes sociales; Insatisfacción corporal.Resumen
Introducción: El uso de las redes sociales está fuertemente vinculado a una alta prevalencia de insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, trastornos alimentarios y comportamientos de cambio corporal en adolescentes. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo probar un modelo biopsicosocial para evaluar la influencia del uso de las redes sociales en la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y los comportamientos inadecuados relacionados con la alimentación y la construcción muscular, según el sexo y el grupo de edad de los adolescentes brasileños. Método: Participaron en el estudio 304 adolescentes (60,2% del sexo femenino), con edades entre 12 y 16 años (13,8±0,81 años). Se calcularon estadísticas descriptivas y se examinaron las correlaciones entre las variables del estudio por separado para niños y niñas. El modelo se probó utilizando Path Analysis. La adecuación del modelo se evaluó utilizando el Índice de Ajuste Comparativo (CFI), el Índice de Ajuste Global (GFI) y el Error Cuadrático Medio de Aproximación (RMSEA). Los análisis se realizaron utilizando el programa estadístico Jamovi. Resultados: La prueba del modelo hipotético, tras la verificación de los índices de modificación, reveló un buen ajuste a los datos, aunque se observaron diferencias en los caminos para niños y niñas. Conclusión: Concluimos que el modelo biopsicosocial probado es adecuado para evaluar las relaciones entre el uso de las redes sociales, la insatisfacción corporal, los comportamientos de restricción alimentaria y la construcción muscular entre adolescentes brasileños de ambos sexos.
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