Acupuntura con láser en trastornos musculoesqueléticos: Una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i2.48244Palabras clave:
Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas; Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad; Acupuntura; Dolor.Resumen
Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME) se caracterizan típicamente por dolor (a menudo persistente), limitaciones en la movilidad, reducción del nivel de funcionamiento y disminución de la calidad de vida. Se han estudiado intervenciones terapéuticas alternativas para el manejo de la sintomatología, como el uso del láser en puntos de acupuntura (LA). El objetivo de este estudio es revisar sistemáticamente la literatura sobre el uso del LA en los TME en relación con el dolor y la capacidad funcional. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y EMBASE utilizando los siguientes términos: terapia láser de baja intensidad (LLLT) y acupuntura, seleccionándose diez ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) que emplearon LA en TME. Todos los estudios utilizaron irradiación PBMT en el espectro del infrarrojo cercano, con una energía por punto de 1J a 72J, potencia de 30 mW a 400 mW, número de sesiones entre 4 y 24, y aplicación en puntos de acupuntura según la condición musculoesquelética estudiada. La mayoría de los estudios mostraron una reducción significativa del dolor y los síntomas, así como un aumento en la funcionalidad, la fuerza y la movilidad después del tratamiento con LA. Esta revisión demuestra que el LA produjo efectos positivos en el dolor y la funcionalidad de los pacientes con TME. Sin embargo, aunque la evidencia sugiere beneficios, aún no se ha determinado una ventana de dosificación efectiva para el LA, por lo que es necesario ajustar y diseñar la aplicación para condiciones musculoesqueléticas específicas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Ana Beatriz Balão; Patricia Gabrielli Vassão; Mirian Bonifacio; Homero Garcia-Motta; Beatriz Mendes Credidio; Giovanna Caroline Aparecida do Vale; Adriane Marie Angri Burek; Ana Cláudia Rennó
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