El uso de la cannabis en el tratamiento de la fibromialgia: Una revisión integrativa de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i3.48425Palabras clave:
Fibromialgia; Cannabis; Dolor Crónico.Resumen
Introducción. La fibromialgia se caracteriza por dolor nociplástico, alteraciones del sueño, astenia, cefalea y síntomas cognitivos. El sistema endocannabinoide parece desempeñar un papel crucial en su fisiopatología, y el uso de cannabis ha surgido como una alternativa terapéutica prometedora. Objetivo. Presentar un panorama descriptivo sobre estudios que analizan los beneficios del uso de cannabis en el tratamiento de la fibromialgia, sus objetivos terapéuticos y sus aspectos culturales y sociales. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión integrativa basada en la búsqueda de publicaciones en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO (2020-2024). Se identificaron 2,851 artículos, de los cuales 120 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, y 27 fueron seleccionados para análisis cualitativo y de contenido. Resultados. Los estudios fueron clasificados en tres categorías: “mejora sintomatológica”, “efectos adversos del cannabis” y “seguridad terapéutica”. Se destacó la dificultad de establecer una dosis terapéutica óptima debido a la falta de estudios más robustos. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios señalaron una mejora en los síntomas. La seguridad del uso del cannabis depende de la proporción de CBD y THC. Conclusión. Se observó una predominancia de estudios que evidencian la mejora sintomatológica y la seguridad del uso de cannabis y cannabinoides, con correlación positiva con la intensidad del dolor, otros síntomas y el tratamiento farmacológico de la fibromialgia.
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