Uso de probióticos en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson: la importancia del eje intestino-cerebro y la dietoterapia - una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7259Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Parkinson; Probióticos; Microbiota; Neuroinmunomodulación; Dietoterapia.Resumen
La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es la segunda enfermedad degenerativa más común del sistema nervioso central que afecta a entre 1 y 2 personas en 1,000 y su prevalencia aumenta con la edad, afectando aproximadamente al 1% de la población mayor de 60 años. Los estudios en la comunicación bidireccional entre el cerebro y el intestino han demostrado que los cambios en la microbiota intestinal pueden desempeñar un papel importante en la EP y han informado síntomas gastrointestinales (estreñimiento, disfagia, hiperesalivación y trastornos de la deglución). La evidencia actual sugiere que la salud y la composición del microbioma intestinal se deben al efecto de la dieta y al uso de probióticos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el uso de probióticos y terapia nutricional para la EP. La búsqueda en la literatura se realizó utilizando el criterio PICoT para extraer evidencia de estudios relevantes de artículos publicados en PubMed, ScienceDirect y MEDLINE, seleccionando solo artículos con estudios clínicos aleatorios y revisiones. Incluso con un número limitado de estudios de calidad en humanos, encontramos investigaciones que resaltan la importancia del uso de probióticos y dieta en pacientes con EP, ya que aporta beneficios a la motilidad gastrointestinal, contribuye a la simbiosis de GIT y mejora la consistencia de las heces. Se concluye que el uso de probióticos es un buen método de intervención para pacientes con EP. La investigación futura debería centrarse en el eje intestino-cerebro e investigar cómo las poblaciones microbianas ejercen efectos patógenos, así como su interacción con las dietas y los medicamentos.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Rosiene Batista Santos ; Heriberto Alves dos Anjos; Thawanny Tavares Ribeiro ; Victor Déda De Melo Rocha Correia
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