Potencial citogenotóxico de la corteza de Terminalia actinophylla (Mart.) en Allium cepa L.

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7322

Palabras clave:

Alteraciones cromosómicas; Ciclo celular; Daño en el DNA; Extracto etanólico; Índice mitótico.

Resumen

Terminalia actinophylla (Mart), comúnmente conocida como "chapada", se usa en la medicina popular para el tratamiento de la diarrea, la diabetes y antiinflamatoria. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre su toxicidad aún son incipientes. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el perfil fitoquímico y el efecto citogenotóxico del extracto etanólico de la corteza de T. actinophylla usando la prueba Allium cepa L. Las semillas de A. cepa fueron sometidas a diferentes concentraciones de extracto (1.25, 2.5, 5 y 10 mg/mL), un control negativo (CN - agua destilada) así como trifluralin (CP - control positivo), durante 24 h de exposición. El perfil fitoquímico del extracto se obtuvo para identificar los principales metabolitos secundarios. La citotoxicidad (índice mitótico) y la genotoxicidad (alteraciones cromosómicas) se analizaron mediante el recuento de 5.000 células meristemáticas. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis (p<0.05). Los fitoquímicos presentes en el extracto fueron taninos, saponinas y azúcares reductores. Solo la concentración más baja (1,25 mg/ml) de T. actinophylla fue citotóxica en comparación con CN. Se observó un aumento significativo en la media total de las alteraciones cromosómicas a las concentraciones más bajas (1,25 y 2,5 mg/ml) en comparación con CN. Probablemente, los fitoquímicos en el extracto interfieren con el ciclo celular y causan daño al DNA en A. cepa en las concentraciones más bajas. Sin embargo, se deben realizar más estudios en mamíferos, una vez que el extracto con fines medicinales puede tener efectos nocivos en el organismo.

Citas

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Publicado

21/08/2020

Cómo citar

SOUSA, F. M. S. de .; ARAUJO, J. R. da S. .; COUTO, L. M. F. C. B. .; SOUSA, R. M. S. .; OLIVEIRA, M. das D. A. .; COSTA JÚNIOR, J. S. da .; MARTINS, F. A. .; ALMEIDA, P. M. de . Potencial citogenotóxico de la corteza de Terminalia actinophylla (Mart.) en Allium cepa L. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 9, p. e353997322, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7322. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/7322. Acesso em: 28 sep. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud