Efectos del nanoemulsión y el aceite esencial de las hojas de Ocotea elegans contra Dysdercus peruvianus

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8424

Palabras clave:

Acetilcolinesterasa; Chinche manchador del algodón; Gossypium sp.; Pesticida verde; Reguladores del crecimiento de insectos; Lauraceae.

Resumen

El Dysdercus peruvianus Guérin-Méneville se conoce comúnmente como el insecto manchador del algodón. En este estudio se evaluó la actividad insecticida y el modo de acción del aceite esencial de hojas de Ocotea elegans Mez y su nanoemulsión contra D. peruvianus. Las hojas de O. elegans se extrajeron por hidrodestilación. El aceite esencial obtenido se analizó mediante cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas por impacto de electrones y detector de ionización de llama. Se registró la toxicidad del aceite esencial medida por la dosis letal 50 (LD50) y la tasa de supervivencia de los insectos. Por último, se realizó un ensayo para evaluar la inhibición de la enzima acetilcolinesterasa para determinar un posible mecanismo de acción de la actividad insecticida. El sesquiterpeno sesquirosefurano fue el principal compuesto detectado y corresponde al 92% de los componentes del aceite esencial. La nanoemulsión más estable mostró equilibrio hidrófilo lipófilo (HLB 11,74), tamaño de gota 92 ± 1,80 nm e índice de polidispersidad (PDI de 0,215 ± 0,015). Después de la aplicación tópica del aceite esencial de O. elegans, se produjeron disminuciones significativas en la supervivencia de D. peruvianus en forma de dosis-respuesta con LD50 = 162.18 μg y la tasa de supervivencia de la nanoemulsión en D. peruvianus fue 10.0 ± 5.47, un mejor valor que en aceite esencial puro. La inhibición de la acetilcolinesterasa presentó concentración de inhibición (IC50 = 1,37 mg / ml) y tipo de inhibición mixta. Esto indica que el aceite esencial de hojas de O. elegans y su nanoemulsión son candidatos prometedores para su uso en programas integrados de control de plagas.

Citas

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Publicado

19/09/2020

Cómo citar

NASCIMENTO, L. M. .; APOLINARIO, R. .; MACHADO, F. P. .; CORREA, A. L. .; CALDAS, G. R. .; RUPPELT, B. M. .; SOUZA, K. F. C. .; GOUVEIA, G. .; BURTH, P. .; FALCAO, D. Q. .; SANTOS, M. G. .; AZAMBUJA , P. .; GONZALEZ, M. S. .; MELLO , C. B.; ROCHA, L. .; FEDER, D. Efectos del nanoemulsión y el aceite esencial de las hojas de Ocotea elegans contra Dysdercus peruvianus. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 10, p. e909108424, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8424. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/8424. Acesso em: 27 sep. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas