Redes sociales y apoyo social en estudiantes universitarios: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8695Palabras clave:
Red Social; Apoyo Social; Soledad; Estudiantes universitarios; Ensenãnza.Resumen
Introducción: Durante la graduación, los estudiantes universitarios están expuestos a problemas de salud mental, debido a aspectos relacionados con sus redes sociales y el apoyo social. En este contexto, es necesario realizar estudios que exploren este tema. Objetivo: identificar la producción científica en redes sociales y el apoyo social en estudiantes universitarios. Método: Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura, que consistió en la búsqueda de estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años, en cinco bases de datos internacionales. Resultados: Después del proceso de selección, se incluyeron 42 estudios. Es de destacar que la familia, especialmente la madre, y los amigos, fueron los principales apoyos mencionados. Los estudiantes universitarios entre 19 y 21 años tuvieron la puntuación más baja en apoyo social. En general, el apoyo social se asocia con efectos positivos en la salud de los estudiantes universitarios y un apoyo social insuficiente vinculado a efectos negativos. Se han reportado asociaciones positivas con empatía, motivación intrínseca al estudio, bienestar subjetivo y espiritual, inteligencia emocional, rendimiento académico, satisfacción con la vida, éxito académico, equilibrio trabajo / vida, habilidades para la resolución de problemas, entre otros factores. En contraste, el apoyo social insuficiente se asoció con estrés, depresión, soledad, ansiedad, uso de drogas, miedo a subir de peso, trastornos mentales, entre otras condiciones negativas. Conclusión: las redes sociales pueden servir como soporte social a lo largo de la vida, destacándose en períodos de transformaciones, cambios y procesos adaptativos, como los vividos durante el período de formación académica, representando un tema de interés mundial.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Romario Daniel Jantara; Daiane Porto Gautério Abreu; Ana Cláudia Schuab Faria de Paula ; Jarbas da Silva Ziani; Adrieli Jantara; Thicianne da Silva Roque
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