Simulação do processo de produção de biodiesel a partir do destilado de desodorização de óleos vegetais usando hidrotalcita-hidroxiapatita como catalisador

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15452

Palavras-chave:

Biodiesel; DWSIM; Catálise heterogênea; Simulação; Transesterificação.

Resumo

Existem poucos estudos de simulação na literatura com foco na produção de biodiesel a partir do destilado da desodorização de óleo vegetal (DDOV), um resíduo originado da etapa de processamento do óleo vegetal, utilizando hidrotalcita-hidroxiapatita como catalisador heterogêneo. Neste estudo, o processo de simulação foi realizado no software de interface aberta DWSIM® Versão 6.3. A motivação baseou-se no desempenho positivo do catalisador durante os estudos experimentais. Assim, no projeto do simulador, a matéria-prima lipídica, o etanol e o catalisador foram alimentados juntos em um reator de conversão CSTR-01. O pacote de fluido termodinâmico usado para este processo foi o modelo de coeficiente de atividade de dois líquidos não aleatórios (NRTL). O fluxograma do processo consistiu na etapa de reação (transesterificação do óleo), e etapas de separação dos ésteres etílicos produzidos, excesso de etanol e purificação do biodiesel. Como resultado, diferentes cenários foram simulados, usando óleo de soja comercial como forma comparativa, diferentes tipos de catalisadores e diferentes razões molares de álcool e DDOV. Dentre as principais diferenças entre os casos simulados, foi demonstrado que o excesso de álcool (1:45) ocasionou maior quantidade de consumo de DDOV e, consequentemente, maior formação de ésteres etílicos (biodiesel), resultando em maiores conversões (> 95%). Além disso, os resultados obtidos confirmaram a adequação do DDOV como matéria-prima com potencial para a produção de biodiesel, por ser relativamente mais barato que os óleos comestíveis e contribuir para o aproveitamento de resíduos. Assim, comprovando que o catalisador químico foi capaz de formar os principais ésteres dos ácidos graxos mesmo utilizando uma matéria-prima residual.

Biografia do Autor

Laura A. de Almeida, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro

Student in the Chemical Engineering Department

Renata N. Vilas Bôas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro

Postdoctoral Researcher in the Chemical Engineering Department

Marisa F. Mendes, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro

Professor in the Chemical Engineering Department

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Publicado

26/05/2021

Como Citar

ALMEIDA, L. A. de; VILAS BÔAS, R. N.; MENDES, M. F. Simulação do processo de produção de biodiesel a partir do destilado de desodorização de óleos vegetais usando hidrotalcita-hidroxiapatita como catalisador. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 6, p. e15210615452, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15452. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/15452. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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Engenharias