Integração da farmacogenética do tacrolimo ao gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa em pacientes com transplante de rim

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18589

Palavras-chave:

Tacrolimo; Polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único; Transplante de rim; Farmacogenética; Farmacogenômica; Indutores do Citocromo P-450 CYP3A; Gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa; Medicina personalizada; Farmácia clínica.

Resumo

A análise farmacogenética do tacrolimo e o gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa já foram analisados isoladamente como estratégias clínicas em pacientes com transplante de rim, e estudos sobre a integração dessas duas práticas ainda são escassos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi integrar essas ferramentas no cuidado aos pacientes com transplante de rim. Este é um estudo observacional retrospectivo com 70 pacientes, dos quais 42 estavam sendo atendidos pelo serviço de gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa. Analisou-se o sexo, faixa etária, tempo de realização do transplante, tipo de doador e problemas relacionados a medicamentos. A frequência alélica do CYP3A5 (rs776746) foi obtida identificando os indivíduos quanto à presença do alelo funcional *1(expressores). Observou-se maior concentração plasmática de tacrolimo nos expressores, mas sem alteração na dose média desse medicamento entre os grupos. Em relação à frequência de problemas relacionados a medicamentos, observou-se que 11 (27,%) pacientes não apresentaram nenhum, 19 (47,5%) apresentaram apenas um, e 5 (12,5%), dois ou três. A integração da farmacogenética do tacrolimo é uma ferramenta útil e complementar aos resultados obtidos com o gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa, pois as alterações significativas na concentração plasmática desse medicamento nos expressores pode sinalizar à equipe multiprofissional uma necessidade de mais atenção no monitoramento desses pacientes, a fim de se evitar problemas de efetividade, segurança e conveniência. Ademais, a identificação de outros problemas de saúde do paciente faz com que o gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa seja necessário para garantir o uso de medicamentos apropriado, efetivo e seguro.

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05/08/2021

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OLIVEIRA , I. D. G. de .; REIS , P. M. dos .; REIS, E. A. .; GOMES , K. B. .; MOTA , A. P. L. .; CHEMELLO, C. Integração da farmacogenética do tacrolimo ao gerenciamento da terapia medicamentosa em pacientes com transplante de rim. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 10, p. e52101018589, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18589. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/18589. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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