Estudo dos fármacos selecionados em ensaios clínicos na terapia farmacológica da COVID-19

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24445

Palavras-chave:

COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Medicamentos; Ensaio Clínico; Terapêutica.

Resumo

A COVID-19 é uma infecção respiratória aguda causada pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, potencialmente grave, de elevada transmissibilidade e de distribuição global. A busca por drogas que apresentam atividade sobre o SARS-CoV-2 é um desafio constante sem precedentes na validação de medicamentos eficazes no tratamento de pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19. Objetivo: Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo avaliar trabalhos na literatura científica, envolvendo ensaios clínicos que avaliam a eficácia de drogas já disponíveis no mercado para provável utilização no tratamento da COVID-19. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada no período de abril de 2020 até junho de 2021 nas bases de dados PubMed, SciElo e Lilacs, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “Medicamentos”, “Ensaio Clínico”, “Terapêutica”. Os critérios para inclusão dos artigos na pesquisa foram os que apresentaram resumo e texto disponibilizados na íntegra eletronicamente, escritos em inglês, português e espanhol publicados no período de abril de 2020 a junho de 2021, em periódicos científicos e que avaliaram a eficácia de prováveis fármacos no tratamento da COVID-19 e ensaios clínicos em pacientes hospitalizados portadores da doença. Foram excluídos os artigos que não abordaram, em conjunto, o tema do estudo, artigos duplicados nas bases de dados, artigos de revisão, artigos baseados em ensaios in vitro / in vivo em animais, artigos baseados em medicina tradicional, estudos do tipo editorial e também os artigos reflexivos. Resultados: Dos 210 artigos identificados, 132 foram excluídos por não atenderem os critérios de inclusão, sendo selecionados para este estudo 78 artigos que objetivaram o estudo da eficácia de fármacos em ensaios clínicos internacionais. Destes, 67 estavam indexados na base de dados PubMed; 6 pelo SciELO; e, 5 na Lilacs. Foram analisados 49 fármacos, classificados em 22 classes farmacológicas. As principais classes de fármacos em estudos foram: antivirais de ação direta em monoterapia, 8 (16,32%); imunomoduladores, 7 (14,28%); imunomoduladores + associações, 2 (4,08%); e, imunoestimulantes + associações, 2 (4,08%). Conclusão: Os fármacos e suas associações em estudo não apresentaram eficácia terapêutica específica para o tratamento da COVID-19; porém, os ensaios clínicos indicaram melhora dos sintomas clínicos dos pacientes e do tempo de internamento hospitalar. Entretanto, alguns fármacos apresentaram significativas reações adversas, interferindo diretamente na segurança dos pacientes.

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03/01/2022

Como Citar

FURUZAWA, T. A. .; CARDIA, G. F. E. .; IWAKI, M. V. .; CREMER, E.; SPIRONELLO, R. A. .; COMAR, F. M. de S. S. .; CUMAN, R. K. N. . Estudo dos fármacos selecionados em ensaios clínicos na terapia farmacológica da COVID-19 . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. e11611124445, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24445. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/24445. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024.

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v. 11 n. 1

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Ciências da Saúde

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Copyright (c) 2022 Tatiana Aparecida Furuzawa; Gabriel Fernando Esteves Cardia; Mariana Vessoni Iwaki; Edivaldo Cremer; Ricardo Alexandre Spironello; Francielli Maria de Souza Silva Comar; Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman

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