Produção de biossurfactantes por bactérias coletadas em solo contaminado por óleo diesel no Continente Antártico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35593Palavras-chave:
Bactéria; Antártica; Biossurfactante; Óleo.Resumo
Atualmente, o mundo inteiro se esforça pelo desenvolvimento sustentável para evitar o esgotamento dos recursos naturais. Portanto, a busca por novos produtos biotecnológicos, como os biossurfactantes, têm gerado interesse devido à sua baixa toxicidade, biodegradabilidade e aceitabilidade ecológica. Além disso, essas moléculas possuem diversas aplicações como emulsificação, molhabilidade, formação de espuma, limpeza e redução da viscosidade do óleo cru. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as bactérias coletas na Antártida e avaliar sua capacidade de produção de biosurfactantes. Neste estudo, bactérias coletadas em solo contaminado por óleo diesel ao redor da Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz foram identificadas (Rhodococcus erythropolis, Rhizobium radiobacter, Microbacterium liquefacien, Pseudomonas libanensis e Pseudomonas veronii) e os testes para verificarem se estas bactérias produzem biossurfactante foram feitos. Interessantemente, os compostos isolados das bactérias apresentaram propriedades que permitiram identificá-los como biossurfactantes, pois promoveram a propagação da gota e reduziram a tensão superficial da água. Além disso, estes compostos apresentam carboidratos em sua composição molecular. Diante desses achados, essas espécies apresentam potencial de aplicação em áreas biotecnológicas, como biorremediação de ambientes contaminados por óleo diesel e como emulsificantes em produtos cosméticos e de cuidado pessoal. Além disso, a utilização de resíduos de óleo diesel pelas bactérias como fonte de carbono torna-se uma alternativa atraente para reduzir a contaminação ambiental e apresentar baixo custo.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Fernanda Ferreira Machado; Helon Guimarães Cordeiro; Maria Auxiliadora de Oliveira; Diego Fernandes Livio; Tuânia Natacha Lopes Silva ; Hiure Gomes Ramos Meira; Vinícius Souza Tarabal; Adriano Guimarães Parreira; José Antonio da Silva ; Daniel Bonoto Gonçalves ; Juliano de Carvalho Cury; Paulo Afonso Granjeiro
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