Sufrimiento moral en profesionales de la salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36435Palabras clave:
Sufrimiento moral; Profesionales de la salud; COVID-19; Moral.Resumen
Introducción: la pandemia de la COVID-19 trajo varios conflictos morales al contexto de la atención a la salud. La imposibilidad de actuar de la forma que el profesional considere éticamente correcta, debido a barreras externas o internas, puede causar sufrimiento moral. Este fenómeno es perjudicial para la moral profesional y puede afectar la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: analizar qué circunstancias, durante la pandemia de COVID-19, provocaron sufrimiento moral en los profesionales de la salud. Método: esta revisión integrativa de la literatura se realizó con las bases de datos SCIELO y PubMed, utilizando los descriptores “moral distress” y “COVID-19”. Se incluyeron artículos publicados entre 2019-2021, en portugués, español o inglés. Se siguieron los criterios PRISMA. Resultados: De una búsqueda inicial de 171 documentos, 102 fueron revisados completamente y 29 fueron incluidos en esta revisión. Las situaciones que provocaron sufrimiento moral en los profesionales de la salud fueron distribuidas en las siguientes categorías: personales; pacientes y familiares; equipo; y organización La falta de recursos, los tratamientos intermitentes, el miedo a contraer el virus, las restricciones de visitas y la ausencia de lineamientos explícitos fueron algunos de los hechos mencionados en los artículos. Conclusiones: la pandemia de COVID-19 ha provocado sufrimiento moral en los profesionales. El fenómeno puede tener graves consecuencias para la salud de los trabajadores y la atención que estos brindan. Se deben fomentar programas de educación y apoyo, además de estudios adicionales, para minimizar el impacto de las próximas etapas de la pandemia y en futuras ocasiones relacionadas con dilemas éticos.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Julianna Rodrigues Beltrão; Beatriz de Haro Figueiredo; Giovana Pomin Barros Sachetim ; Liana Tamy Aihara; Lissa Ayumi Aihara; Carla Corradi-Perini
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