Porphyromonas gingivalis como um elo entre a periodontite e a doença de Alzheimer. Revisão narrativa da literatura

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41692

Palavras-chave:

Doença periodontal; Doença de Alzheimer; Periodontite; Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Resumo

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é um dos distúrbios neurodegenerativos mais comuns no mundo e foi listada como uma prioridade de saúde pública global pela OMS. Atualmente, não há tratamento eficaz para a doença e sua causa ainda é desconhecida. Nos últimos anos, foram feitas tentativas para explicar os mecanismos etiológicos da DA e foi proposta a hipótese da disseminação de microrganismos orais, como a Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), para o tecido cerebral em pacientes com periodontite. Entretanto, essa possível relação causal ainda não está clara. Objetivo: apresentar o papel da Pg como um elo entre a periodontite e a doença de Alzheimer com base em uma revisão da literatura de publicações dos últimos 5 anos. Materiais e métodos: pesquisa de publicações nos seguintes bancos de dados: PubMed, SpringerLink, Scientific Direct, Scielo. Resultados: foram incluídos 19 artigos científicos dos quais os estudos em animais e moleculares determinaram que a infecção por Pg aumentava a produção de mediadores inflamatórios, causando assim, um aumento na produção de Aβ (beta amiloide) e, subsequentemente, neurodegeneração compatível com a DA; no entanto, nenhuma relação clara foi estabelecida em estudos em humanos. Conclusão: o efeito da Pg no desenvolvimento da neuroinflamação foi demonstrado; entretanto, são necessários mais estudos em larga escala e com o acompanhamento longitudinal em humanos.

Biografia do Autor

Andrea Soledad Carvajal Endara, Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca

Doctora en Odontología. Docente de la Facultad de Odontología

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Publicado

16/05/2023

Como Citar

PERALTA AVILA, A. N. .; CARVAJAL ENDARA, A. S. . Porphyromonas gingivalis como um elo entre a periodontite e a doença de Alzheimer. Revisão narrativa da literatura. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 5, p. e17212541692, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41692. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/41692. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2024.

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