Aspectos nutricionais no manejo do Diabetes mellitus gestacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42173Palavras-chave:
Diabetes gestacional; Fatores de risco; Riscos à saúde; Índice glicêmico; DASH; Dieta mediterrânea.Resumo
A Diabetes mellitus se caracteriza como uma patologia que pode ser encontrada principalmente em três diferentes tipos, e dentre estes está a diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG). O DMG se desenvolve durante a gestação, a partir da resistência insulínica e apresenta alguns fatores de risco para seu desenvolvimento, como a obesidade e sobrepeso, histórico familiar e idade materna avançada. Assim, torna-se como objetivo a compreensão da sua patologia e a ação da nutrição no tratamento e prevenção, a partir da leitura de artigos e realização da revisão de literatura integrativa. Se apresentam como riscos que esse tipo de diabetes pode gerar à saúde da mãe e do concepto a pré-eclâmpsia, predisposição para desenvolvimento de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, macrossomia e maiores riscos de obesidade. A partir da compreensão desses pontos, entende-se o acompanhamento nutricional como eficaz na prevenção e tratamento do diabetes gestacional. A dieta de baixo índice glicêmico, DASH e dieta mediterrânea mostram-se eficientes no controle glicêmico durante a diabetes gestacional e também atuam na prevenção dessa patologia, de forma a promoverem gestações sem maiores intercorrências e hábitos alimentares mais saudáveis.
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