Redes sociais e apoio social em estudantes universitários: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8695Palavras-chave:
Rede Social; Apoio Social; Solidão; Estudantes universitários; Ensino.Resumo
Introdução: Durante a graduação, estudantes universitários ficam expostos a problemas de saúde mental, em decorrência de aspectos relacionados às suas redes sociais e ao apoio social. Nesse contexto, torna-se necessário estudos que explorem essa temática. Objetivo: identificar a produção científica sobre as redes sociais e o apoio social em estudantes universitários. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que consistiu na busca de estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em cinco bases de dados internacionais. Resultados: Após o processo de seleção, foram incluídos 42 estudos. Destaca-se que a família, sobretudo a mãe, e os amigos, foram os principais apoiadores mencionados. Estudantes universitários entre 19 e 21 anos de idade obtiveram o menor escore de apoio social. De uma forma geral, o apoio social está associado a efeitos positivos na saúde dos universitários e a insuficiência do apoio social ligado a efeitos negativos. Foram relatadas associações positivas com a empatia, motivação intrínseca para estudar, bem-estar subjetivo e espiritual, inteligência emocional, desempenho acadêmico, satisfação com a vida, sucesso acadêmico, equilíbrio trabalho/vida, habilidades em resolver problemas, dentre outros fatores. Em contrapartida, a insuficiência de apoio social esteve associada ao estresse, depressão, solidão, ansiedade, uso de drogas, medo de engordar, transtornos mentais, dentre outras condições negativas. Conclusão: as redes sociais podem servir de apoio social ao longo da vida, se sobressaindo em períodos de transformações, mudanças e processos adaptativos, como os vivenciados durante o período de formação acadêmica, representando uma temática de interesse mundial.
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