Main clinical-dental changes secondary to brachycephalic syndrome in dogs: A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i5.51087Keywords:
Canine, Dentistry, Oral Health.Abstract
This study aims to conduct a literature review on the impacts of brachycephaly on the oral cavity of these animals, identifying the main dental conditions secondary to brachycephalic syndrome, as well as demonstrating the diagnostic and treatment methods currently available. In today's society, the high prevalence of brachycephalic dogs is notable, resulting from intense artificial genetic selection for aesthetic purposes. However, with the characteristic shape of the shortened snout and flattened skull, their aspects have a direct influence on veterinary clinical practice, with their set being called brachycephalic syndrome. Although the vast majority of studies are directed towards the impacts related to respiratory alterations, the morphofunctional aspects of these dogs also directly impact the cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and gastrointestinal systems, including the oral cavity, decreasing the quality of life of these individuals and even causing the death of the animals. Oral alterations include malocclusions, irregular teeth, dental deviations, and gingival hyperplasia, as a consequence of the malformation of the facial bones. Therefore, a focus on brachycephalic breeds is essential; thus, the objective of this study is to describe in depth the impact of the anatomical particularities of brachycephalic dogs on their oral health. Consequently, brachycephaly should be treated in a multidisciplinary manner, in addition to the need for awareness and responsible clinical practice in clinical-dental follow-up, in order to reduce the impact and ensure a better quality of life for these dogs.
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