Analysis of the mortality profile due to acute myocardial infarction in Brazil (2018–2022)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i5.51092Keywords:
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular diseases, Health inequalities, Mortality indicators.Abstract
Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and in Brazil, representing a major public health problem. Its occurrence is related to clinical, demographic, and social factors, influenced by population aging, lifestyle, and inequalities in access to healthcare. Objective: To analyze the mortality profile due to Acute Myocardial Infarction in Brazil between 2018 and 2022, considering sociodemographic and regional variables such as sex, age group, race/color, marital status, geographic regions, and federative units. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, analytical, and retrospective study, using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). All deaths with an underlying cause classified as AMI (ICD-10: I21 and I22) were included. Mortality rates were standardized by the 2020 population and expressed per 100,000 inhabitants, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) calculated using the Poisson distribution. Results and Discussion: Between 2018 and 2022, 473,125 deaths due to AMI were recorded in Brazil. The highest coefficients occurred in 2019 and 2022. Men accounted for 59.2% of deaths and had a 1.5 times higher risk than women. Mortality increased with age, reaching 333.48/100,000 among those over 80 years old. The Southeast region concentrated 46.1% of deaths and had the highest average coefficient (48.80/100,000). Widowed individuals showed the highest risk (176.87/100,000). Final Considerations: AMI mortality remains high and unequal in Brazil, reinforcing the need for public policies focused on prevention, health education, and expanded access to cardiovascular care.
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