Earthing in low-voltage systems: A documental research
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i11.50005Keywords:
Electrical grounding, Low voltage, Atmospheric discharges, Electrical protection, Technical standards.Abstract
The grounding system in low-voltage electrical installations is essential for protection against atmospheric discharges. Brazil has one of the highest lightning incidence rates in the world, making it crucial to adopt proper technical measures to ensure the integrity of buildings, equipment, and, above all, people’s safety. Many electrical systems show structural deficiencies in their grounding, whether due to lack of technical knowledge, design omissions, or cost-cutting. Such flaws increase the vulnerability of installations to electric shocks, voltage surges, and lightning damage, compromising safety and proper system operation. This study analyzes, through a literature review, the technical, normative, and operational foundations of grounding in low-voltage systems, emphasizing its protective role against atmospheric discharges. The methodology adopted was a qualitative bibliographic review. The analysis of selected materials revealed the importance of complying with ABNT standards NBR 5410, 5419, and 7117, as well as identifying gaps in technical training and project inspection. The reviewed literature highlights that grounding systems must be a central part of any safe electrical installation, being essential not only for protection against internal faults but also as a mechanism for dissipating atmospheric discharge energy. It is concluded that the topic remains highly relevant to electrical engineering, demanding continuous professional development, standardization of procedures, and appreciation of good technical practices.
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