Relaciones entre la calidad muscular y la antropometría con los determinantes sociales de la salud en personas mayores no institucionalizadas

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i12.50404

Palabras clave:

Determinantes Sociales de la Salud, Fuerza Muscular, Dinamómetro de Fuerza Muscular, Anciano, Salud del Anciano.

Resumen

Los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS) ejercen una influencia sustancial sobre el estado de salud de la población de personas mayores. Durante el envejecimiento, puede producirse una reducción en la calidad muscular, la cual está directamente relacionada con la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía. La identificación de aspectos que asocian la baja calidad muscular con los DSS en el envejecimiento refleja posibles intervenciones personalizadas para reducir esta prevalencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las relaciones entre la calidad muscular y los parámetros antropométricos con los DSS en personas mayores residentes en una ciudad del sur de Minas Gerais. Las condiciones sociodemográficas y de salud, ingreso, nivel educativo, estado civil, nivel de actividad física, medidas antropométricas, análisis de bioimpedancia eléctrica (BIA) y fuerza de prensión manual fueron evaluados en dos días para calcular el Índice de Calidad Muscular (ICM). La mayoría de los participantes del estudio eran mujeres (82,6%) y personas con edades entre 60 y 69 años (54,2%). La menor calidad muscular se observó en personas de mayor edad (p=0,029), en aquellas menos físicamente activas (p=0,013) y en quienes presentaban niveles educativos más bajos (p=0,037). El ICM se correlacionó negativamente con la edad en años (ρ=-0,200, p=0,016) y con el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) (ρ=-0,182, p=0,029), y positivamente con el nivel educativo (ρ=0,172, p=0,049). Los DSS que mostraron una mayor asociación con la calidad muscular fueron la edad, el nivel de actividad física, el nivel educativo y el IMC.

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2025-12-18

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Ciencias de la salud

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Relaciones entre la calidad muscular y la antropometría con los determinantes sociales de la salud en personas mayores no institucionalizadas. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 14, n. 12, p. e142141250404, 2025. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v14i12.50404. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/rsd/article/view/50404. Acesso em: 2 jan. 2026.