Ecocardiografía funcional como herramienta de precisión para la estratificación del riesgo hemodinámico en recién nacidos prematuros: Estudio observacional multicêntrico

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i1.50478

Palabras clave:

Recién nacido prematuro, Ecocardiografía, Hemodinámica, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales, Pronóstico.

Resumen

La ecocardiografía funcional neonatal (Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography, TnECHO) se ha utilizado como herramienta de cribado hemodinámico precoz en recién nacidos extremadamente prematuros, lo que permite evaluar la fisiología cardiovascular en tiempo real y personalizar los procedimientos clínicos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el papel pronóstico de los marcadores ecocardiográficos funcionales e investigar el impacto del cribado hemodinámico precoz guiado por ecocardiografía funcional neonatal (TnECHO) sobre la morbimortalidad neonatal en recién nacidos extremadamente prematuros. Este estudio observacional multicéntrico evaluó el papel pronóstico de los marcadores ecocardiográficos funcionales y el impacto del cribado precoz guiado por TnECHO en la morbimortalidad neonatal. Se incluyeron recién nacidos prematuros <27-28 semanas y/o <1250 g, comparando a los sometidos a cribado entre las 12 y las 18 horas de vida con un grupo bajo cuidados estándar. El resultado primario fue la muerte o la hemorragia intraventricular grave hasta las 36 semanas de edad posmenstrual. La implementación del cribado precoz se asoció con una reducción significativa del resultado compuesto, del 29 % al 16 %, con una mayor probabilidad de supervivencia sin hemorragia intraventricular grave después del ajuste. La hipertensión pulmonar precoz identificada por TnECHO se destacó como el principal marcador pronóstico. En resumen, la TnECHO realizada de forma precoz demostró ser una herramienta útil para la estratificación del riesgo hemodinámico y la reducción de los resultados adversos en los prematuros extremos.

Referencias

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Publicado

2026-01-04

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud

Cómo citar

Ecocardiografía funcional como herramienta de precisión para la estratificación del riesgo hemodinámico en recién nacidos prematuros: Estudio observacional multicêntrico. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 15, n. 1, p. e0315150478, 2026. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v15i1.50478. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/rsd/article/view/50478. Acesso em: 23 jan. 2026.