Impact of physiotherapy on the quality of life of critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i10.49625Keywords:
Physical Therapy, ICU, Critical Patients, Quality of Life.Abstract
Introduction: Physical therapy in the ICU plays an essential role in the recovery of critically ill patients, helping to improve their quality of life by preventing complications associated with prolonged immobility. Objective: To analyze the impact of physical therapy on the quality of life of critically ill patients admitted to ICUs. Methodology: Integrative review with a qualitative approach, using descriptors such as "ICU," "Quality of Life," and "Physiotherapy." Article selection followed the method validated by Ursi. Results and Discussion: Of 480 publications, nine articles published between 2019 and 2024 were selected, addressing different methodologies, such as cohort studies, literature reviews, and randomized clinical trials. ICU admission can generate physical and functional complications that compromise quality of life after hospital discharge. Musculoskeletal disorders are common due to prolonged immobilization and sedation. Physical therapy, especially with early mobilization, is essential to prevent sequelae, restore functionality, and promote comprehensive rehabilitation. Studies show that its use reduces hospital stays, improves autonomy, and positively impacts quality of life. Tools such as CPAx and protocols like EMPRESS reinforce the importance of evidence-based approaches, focusing not only on physical recovery but also on the patient's overall well-being. Final considerations: Physical therapy has the potential to optimize the rehabilitation of critically ill patients, reducing physical sequelae and improving quality of life. However, further research is needed to define more effective and standardized protocols, ensuring the implementation of best practices in physical therapy care in ICUs.
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