Bisphosphonates in Dentistry: A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i4.50920Keywords:
Bisphosphonates, Osteonecrosis of the Jaws, Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Bisphosphonate-Related, Dentistry.Abstract
This study aimed to review the literature regarding the main aspects related to bisphosphonates (BFs) and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), addressing pharmacological characteristics, mechanisms of action, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, staging, and prevention and management strategies. A literature review was conducted based on scientific articles indexed in international databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS e SciELO), including guidelines from the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Our findings highlighted that BFs, particularly nitrogen-containing agents, present high affinity for bone tissue and significantly suppress osteoclastic activity, potentially impairing bone remodeling and local vascularization. The MRONJ presents a multifactorial etiopathogenesis and is frequently associated with invasive dental procedure. Clinical staging plays a fundamental role in therapeutic decision. Prevention through prior dental assessment and continuous follow-up is the most effective strategy to reduce disease incidence. The MRONJ is a relevant complication of BFs therapy, requiring integrated action between the dentist and medical team, emphasizing preventive dental care and individualized conservative management.
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Copyright (c) 2026 João Vitor Cabrini Moreira, Ana Laura Oliveira Honório, Gabriel Enrique Tantalean Laor, Bruno Henrique Figueiredo Matos, Lucinei Roberto Oliveira
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