Resultados maternos y fetales de ratas sometidas a dieta rica en grasa y mezcla de micronutrientes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i3.48518Palabras clave:
Roedores, Embarazo, Dieta Alta En Grasa, Micronutrientes, Desarrollo Fetal.Resumen
El consumo de dietas ricas en grasas es un problema global. El uso de micronutrientes, como el calcio y la vitamina D, tiene efectos positivos sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa durante el embarazo, rendimiento reproductivo y el desarrollo embriofetal. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar los efectos de una mezcla de micronutrientes sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa y los resultados perinatales en ratas expuestas a una dieta alta en grasas (HFD). Las ratas hembras recibieron una dieta estándar (SD) ó una dieta rica en grasa (HFD) desde el destete hasta el final del embarazo. Las ratas preñadas fueron tratadas con la mezcla de micronutrientes (Mix) solo durante el embarazo y se distribuyeron en 4 grupos: SD, SD+Mix, HFD y HFD+Mix. Al final del embarazo, las ratas fueron sacrificadas para la recolección de tejido adiposo materno, sangre materna y fetal y muestras de placenta. Las madres HFD presentaron mayor número de fetos con bajo peso al nacer en comparación con los grupos SD. Los fetos de madres SD+Mix y HFD+Mix tuvieron concentraciones séricas más altas de vitamina D en comparación con los respectivos grupos de control. El grupo HFD+Mix tuvo concentraciones séricas maternas más altas de vitamina D, mayor tasa de viabilidad fetal, menor peso de la grasa visceral materna y menor porcentaje de muertes embrionarias en comparación con el grupo HFD. Por tanto, el tratamiento Mix aporta beneficios a las madres y a los hijos expuestos a la ingesta de grasa debido a una mejor glucemia materna, menor índice de adiposidad, aumento de la vitamina D sérica y de la viabilidad embriofetal. Este estudio muestra la importancia de priorizar una alimentación saludable para lograr el bienestar físico materno y permitir el desarrollo saludable de la descendencia.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Yuri Karen Sinzato; Maysa Rocha de Souza; Verônyca Gonçalves Paula; Gustavo Tadeu Volpato; Débora Cristina Damasceno
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