Perspectiva biomédica sobre la onabotulinumtoxinA: eficacia y manejo clínico en el tratamiento de la migraña crónica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i5.51006

Palabras clave:

Biomedicina, Migraña, Profilaxis, Toxina Botulínica Tipo A.

Resumen

La migraña crónica es una patología neurológica debilitante, caracterizada por la sensibilización del sistema trigeminovascular, que afecta la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida de una parte significativa de la población mundial. El presente estudio analizó la eficacia de la onabotulinumtoxinA (toxina botulínica tipo A) en el tratamiento profiláctico de esta afección, con énfasis en el papel estratégico del profesional biomédico. Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura (2016-2026) en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, BVS y Cochrane, seleccionando estudios que siguieron el protocolo PREEMPT. Los resultados demuestran que la neurotoxina actúa mediante el clivaje de la proteína SNAP-25, inhibiendo la exocitosis de neuropéptidos nociceptivos (como el CGRP) y estabilizando el umbral del dolor. En este contexto, la labor de la biomedicina resulta fundamental, ya que la eficacia terapéutica depende directamente del dominio excepcional de la anatomía topográfica craneocervical para el mapeo preciso de las terminaciones sensoriales. El biomédico actúa en el manejo clínico avanzado, aplicando el razonamiento farmacodinámico para la ejecución segura del protocolo y las adaptaciones posológicas focales (follow-the-pain). Se concluye que la precisión técnica y el rigor anatómico inherentes a la praxis biomédica son determinantes para la reducción de la morbilidad, la mitigación de los efectos adversos y la mejora de la calidad de vida de los pacientes refractarios a los tratamientos convencionales.

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Publicado

2026-05-02

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud

Cómo citar

Perspectiva biomédica sobre la onabotulinumtoxinA: eficacia y manejo clínico en el tratamiento de la migraña crónica. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 15, n. 5, p. e1215551006, 2026. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v15i5.51006. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/rsd/article/view/51006. Acesso em: 4 may. 2026.