Wheat germ (Triticum vulgare) oil extraction using supercritical CO2: Evaluation of the effects of temperatura and pressure on yield
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i7.49201Keywords:
Wheat germ, Triticum vulgare, Supercritical extratction, CO2, Pressure, Temperature.Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the yield of lipid content extracts obtained from wheat germ using supercritical CO₂, generating an extraction kinetic curve to assess the effects of process variables (pressure and temperature), and to compare the results with the yield of extracts obtained by the conventional method (organic solvent extraction). The extraction of oil from wheat germ (Triticum vulgare), a by-product of wheat processing known for its high content of health-promoting compounds, can be performed using organic solvents, such as ethanol. In addition to organic solvents, oil extracts can also be obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide. The results indicate that extraction with supercritical CO₂ is more efficient than extraction with organic solvents, yielding significantly higher amounts of oil in a considerably shorter time. Moreover, variations in pressure and temperature had a limited influence on the extraction efficiency using supercritical CO₂. Approximately 6% of the lipid content was extracted from wheat germ using supercritical CO₂ over 80 minutes, whereas extraction with an organic solvent achieved only about 1% over a period of 420 minutes.
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