Ratas hipertensas ovariectomizadas sometidas a ejercicio y terapia estrogénica presentan niveles mejorados de receptores de angiotensina en la aorta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i12.50241Palabras clave:
Sistema renina-angiotensina (SRA), Óxido nítrico sintasa endotelial (eNOS), Superóxido Dismutasa 2 (SOD 2).Resumen
El sistema renina-angiotensina (SRA) y el sistema antioxidante cumplen funciones integradas en la regulación cardiovascular, especialmente frente al entrenamiento físico y a las alteraciones en los niveles de estrógeno. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investiga si el entrenamiento modula los receptores del SRA y proteínas antioxidantes de manera similar a la terapia con 17β-estradiol (E2) en la aorta de ratas hipertensas espontáneas ovariectomizadas (SHR). Los animales se dividieron en cinco grupos: Sham (SH), Ovariectomizado (OVX), OVX+E2 (OE2), OVX+natación (OSW) y OVX+E2+natación (OE2+SW). La terapia hormonal consistió en 5 µg de E2 tres veces por semana; el entrenamiento de natación se realizó una hora diaria, cinco veces por semana. Dos días después del último procedimiento, se evaluó la presión arterial sistólica. Las aortas aisladas se analizaron mediante western blot para los receptores AT1R, AT2R y Mas, además de eNOS, Akt total y fosforilada (p-AktSer473), SOD2 y β-actina. Se observó un aumento de AT1R solo en el grupo OVX, mientras que AT2R y Mas aumentaron en los grupos OSW y OE2+SW. La terapia con E2 elevó eNOS y SOD2 en los grupos SH, OE2 y OE2+SW, patrón también visto para p-AktSer473. Los resultados sugieren que las intervenciones físicas y hormonales activan vías protectoras del SRA, especialmente p-AktSer473-eNOS y SOD2, favoreciendo la vasodilatación y la capacidad antioxidante en condiciones de deficiencia estrogénica.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Patrick Wander Endlich, Simone Alves de Almeida Simões, Leandro Ceotto Freitas Lima, Augusto Peluso, Robson Augusto Souza Santos, Glaucia Rodrigues de Abreu
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