Occurrence of Self-medication in the Brazilian population as a preventive strategy for SARS-CoV-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11933Keywords:
COVID-19; Self-medication; Drugs; Treatment.Abstract
The objective was to identify the existence of self-medication by people with the purpose of preventing SARS-CoV-2 and to analyze the potential worsening of this use to the human organism. It is a descriptive and analytical research, of a quantitative nature, where the data collection of this study was carried out through a semi-structured form, made available electronically, using the Google Forms tool. Inclusion criteria include: social network user and who answered the form in the period established by the researchers. There is a prevalence of female participants and people with primary and higher education, in which there was no predominance of self-medication. The highest rates of self-medication to the drugs Ivermectin and Azithromycin, most individuals purchased these drugs through the commercial pharmacy. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that drugs should not be ingested without medical guidance, which demonstrates the importance of health professionals as well as media vehicles, making the population aware of the care that should be taken and the risks that they may suffer when self-medicating.
References
De Lima Fontes, F. L., de Lavor Delgado, M. L., de Assis, R. J. S., Lima, I. C., & Lima, L. S. (2020). Alinhamento geopolítico entre os governos americano e brasileiro quanto ao uso da cloroquina/hidroxicloroquina: repercussões no enfrentamento da covid-19. International Journal of Health Management Review, 6(2), 1-17.
Júnior, J. M. A., & de Oliveira Salvi, J. (2018). Fatores associados à automedicação em uma farmácia comunitária de Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia. Acta Biomedica Brasiliensia, 9(2), 107-16.
Bacharier, L. B., Guilbert, T. W., Mauger, D. T., Boehmer, S., Beigelman, A., Fitzpatrick, A. M., & Martinez, F. D. (2015). Early administration of azithromycin and prevention of severe lower respiratory tract illnesses in preschool children with a history of such illnesses: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 314(19), 2034-44.
Bauer, S. R., Kapoor, A., Rath, M., & Thomas, S. A. (2020). What is the role of supplementation with ascorbic acid, zinc, vitamin D, or N-acetylcysteine for prevention or treatment of COVID-19? Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine.
Resolução nº 510, de 07 de abril de 2016. (2016). Dispõe sobre as normas aplicáveis a pesquisas em Ciências Humanas e Sociais cujos procedimentos metodológicos envolvam a utilização de dados diretamente obtidos com os participantes ou de informações identificáveis ou que possam acarretar riscos maiores do que os existentes na vida cotidiana, na forma definida nesta Resolução. Brasília. http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2016/Reso510.pdf.
Caly, L., Druce, J. D., Catton, M. G., Jans, D. A., & Wagstaff, K. M. (2020). The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Antiviral research, 104787.
Carr, A. C. (2019). Vitamin C administration in the critically ill: a summary of recent meta-analyses. Critical Care, 23(1), 265.
Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, 9(11), 1211.
Choudhary, R., & Sharma, A. K. (2020). Potential use of hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and azithromycin drugs in fighting COVID-19: trends, scope and relevance. New Microbes and New Infections, 100684.
Damle, B., Vourvahis, M., Wang, E., Leaney, J., & Corrigan, B. (2020). Clinical Pharmacology Perspectives on the Antiviral Activity of Azithromycin and Use in COVID‐19. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 108(2), 201-11.
McKee, D. L., Sternberg, A., Stange, U., Laufer, S., & Naujokat, C. (2020). Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Pharmacological Research. 157. 104859.
Felsenstein, S., Herbert, J. A., McNamara, P. S., & Hedrich, C. M. (2020). COVID-19: immunology and treatment options. Clinical Immunology, 215. 108448.
Friedlander, M. R., Guimarães, C. R. R., & Fabichacki, E. (2016). O perfil do usuário de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde integrada a uma Faculdade Privada. Revista Desafios, 3(2), 3-13.
Grant, W. B., Lahore, H., McDonnell, S. L., Baggerly, C. A., French, C. B., Aliano, J. L., & Bhattoa, H. P. (2020). Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. Nutrients, 12(4), 988.
Guibu, I. A., Moraes, J. C. D., Guerra Junior, A. A., Costa, E. A., Acurcio, F. D. A., Costa, K. S., & Álvares, J. (2017). Características principais dos usuários dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde no Brasil. Revista de Saúde Pública, 51, 17s.
Li, Y. C., Bai, W. Z., & Hashikawa, T. (2020). The neuroinvasive potential of SARS‐CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID‐19 patients. Journal of medical virology, 92(6), 552-55.
Lopes, M. M. S. N. (2018). Data Mining para estudos de interação entre fármacos e previsão de Efeitos Adversos de Fármacos. Dissertação de Mestrado. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal
Mitjà, O. & Clotet, B. (2020) Use of antiviral drugs to reduce COVID-19 transmission. The Lancet Global Health, 8(5), e639-e640.
Pereira, A.S., Shitsuka, D.M., Parreira, F.J. & Shitsuka, R. (2018). Metodologia da Pesquisa Científica. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria.
Pereira, MS (2020). Pandemia: os riscos da automedicação e os cuidados com a saúde. https://www.unisc.br/pt/noticias/pandemia-os-riscos-da-automedicacao-e-os-cuidados-com-a-saude
Wu, R., Wang, L., Kuo, H. C. D., Shannar, A., Peter, R., Chou, P. J., & Kong, A. N. (2020). An update on current therapeutic drugs treating COVID-19. Current Pharmacology Reports 11, 1-15.
Retallack, H., Di Lullo, E., Arias, C., Knopp, K. A., Laurie, M. T., Sandoval-Espinosa, C., & DeRisi, J. L. (2016). Zika virus cell tropism in the developing human brain and inhibition by azithromycin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(50), 14408-14413.
Schmith, V. D., Zhou, J., & Lohmer, L. R. (2020). The Approved Dose of Ivermectin Alone is not the Ideal Dose for the Treatment of COVID‐19. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 108(4), 762-65.
Sousa, M. R. N., Barros, S. S., Silva, M., Oliveira, A. P. M., Rocha, G. M., & Oliveira, G. A. L. (2020). Pathogenesis and treatment prospects for Covid-19: a review. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), 05973730.
Van, G. G., Wolterink, R. G. J., K., Elssen, C. H. M. J. V., Wieten, L., Germeraad, W. T. V., & Bos, G. M. J. (2018). Influence of Vitamin C on lymphocytes: an overview. Antioxidants (Basel), 7(3).
World Health Organization. Folha informativa – COVID-19 (doença causada pelo novo coronavírus). https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=article&id=6101:covid19&Itemid=875.
Wu, Y., Xu, X., Chen, Z., Duan, J., Hashimoto, K., Yang, L., & Yang, C. (2020). Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain, behavior, and immunity. 87, 18-22.
Zhai, P., Ding, Y., Wu, X., Long, J., Zhong, Y., & Li, Y. (2020). The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 55(5). 105955.
Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2020). Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review. Journal of medical virology, 92(5), 479-490.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Maria Nathalya Costa Souza; Isadora Ellen Feitoza Ricardino ; Kennedy Sampaio; Marcolino Ribeiro Silva ; Ana Patrícia Gomes de Lima; Danilo Leite Fernandes; Adalberto Cruz Sampaio; Andréa Couto Feitosa; Alessandra Bezerra de Brito; Tarciana Oliveira Guedes; Magaly Lima Mota
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
