Apitoxin as an auxiliary tool in prophylaxis of infection against SARS-CoV-2

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23803

Keywords:

Apitoxin; Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; Militina.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is part of the betacoronavirus family group, responsible for the highest morbidity and mortality rates in the population. In March 2020 the world entered a state of emergency due to a pandemic by betacoronavirus that causes Covid-19 disease, so there is a search for effective therapies for pandemic control. Apitoxin has aroused interest in the possibility of its use in the modulation of the immune system in the inactivation of viruses. In this sense, the main objective of the research project was to analyze the use of apitoxin as an auxiliary tool in the prophylaxis of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The apitoxin was obtained from bees belonging to the species Apis Mellifera, by means of electric shock. In the execution of the assays, rats belonging to the Wistar species were used, with approximately 350g of weight and all of the same lineage. 15 animals were used in the experiments. The dose of apitoxin inoculated in the animals was 30 μg/mL Blood collection in the animals was performed in triplicate randomly, in the time intervals of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Serological tests were performed by immunochromatographic method for SARS-CoV-2. The results demonstrated the production of IgM anti- SARS-CoV-2, in the time intervals in which the blood collections of the animals were made. Therefore, the apitoxin in the concentration used, in fact induced the production of antibodies belonging to the IgM class against SARS-CoV-2 in animal models and can be used as an auxiliary tool in the modulation of the immune system against the virus that causes Covid-19.

References

Amanat, F., & Krammer, F. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report. Immunity. v. 52, n. 4, p. 583–9.

Ali, M. A. A. S. M. (2012). Studies on bee venom and its medical uses. International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, v.1, n. 2, p. 69-83.

Aufschnaiter, A. et al. (2020). Apitoxin and its components against cancer, neurodegeneration and rheumatoid arthritis: Limitations and possibilities. Toxins, v. 12, n. 2, p. 66.

Câmera, F. P; Câmera, D. C. P; & Moreno, M. (2020). Covid-19: trajetória atual e futura. Braz. J. Hea. Rev., Curitiba, v. 3, n. 5, p. 13377-13382 set./out. 2020. ISSN 2595-6825.

Covián, C; Retamal-Díaz A; Bueno, S. M., & Kalergis, A. M. (2020). A vacinação BCG pode induzir imunidade protetora treinada para SARS-CoV-2? Frente. Immunol. 11: 970. doi: 10.3389 / fimmu.2020.00970.

Mattaraia, V. G. De M. & Moura, A. S. A. M. T. (2012). Produtividade de ratos Wistar em diferentes sistemas de acasalamento. Ciência Rural, v. 42, n. 8, p. 1490–1496.

Moreira, D. R. (2012). Apiterapia no tratamento de patologias. Revista Fapciência, v. 9, n. 4, p. 21-29.

Favretto, I. C et al. (2021). Fatores de risco associados ao acometimento pela COVID-19 em pacientes oncológicos: uma revisão sistemática. R.Saúde Públ. Paraná. v.4. n.2. p.12. http://revista.escoladesaude.pr.gov.br/index.php/rspp/article/view/494/215

Oršolić, N. (2011). Bee venom in cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Reviews, v. 31, n. 1-2, p. 173-194.

Pereira, A. F. M. (2017). Ação da própolis, apitoxina e melitina de Apis. p. 67.

Ratcliffe, N. A.; Mello, C. B.; Garcia, E. S.; Butt, T. M., & Azambuja, P. (2011). Insect natural products and processes: New treatments for human disease. Insect Biochemistry and molecular biology, v. 41, n. 10, p. 747-769.

Raymundo, M.; & Goldim, J. (2007). O uso de animais em pesquisas científicas. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237488104_o_uso_de_animais_em_pesquisas_cientificas

Rosa, K. M et al. (2021). Imidacloprido e fipronil em mel comercial de apis mellifera. [Dissertação mestrado acadêmico campus Cascavel – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências exatas e tecnológicas, programa de pós-graduação de engenharia agrícola].

Silveira, M. M; Moreira, G. M. S. G., & Mendonca, M. (2020). DNA Vaccines Against COVID-19: Perspectives and Challenges . Life Sci. 267 , 118919. doi: 10.1016. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33352173/.

Sganzerla, J. T et al. (2020). Análise hematológica de ratos Winstar para parâmetro de referência de grupos de controle em pesquisa experimental. Stomatos. v. 26. n. 50. p. 21-26

Uddin, M. B. et al. (2016). Inhibitory effects of bee venom and its components against viruses in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Microbiology, v. 54, n. 12, p. 853–866.

Viana, G. A. (2015). Avaliação in vitro das atividades biológicas da apitoxina extraída de Apis mellifera do semiárido. Mossoró. 60f: il. [Dissertação (Mestrado) - Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido].

Yang, E. J.; Kim, S. H.; Yang, S. C.; Lee, S. M., & Choi, S. M. (2011). Melittin restores proteasome function in an animal model of ALS. Journal of Neuroinflammation, v. 8, n. 1, p. 69-78.

Zhou, J.; Zhao, J.; Zhang, S.; Shen, J.; Qi, Y.; Xue, X.; Li, Y.; Wu, L.; Zhang, J.; Chen, F., & Chen, L. (2010). Quantification of melittin and apamin in bee venom lyophilized powder from Apis mellifera by liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Biochemistry, v. 404, n. 2, p. 171-178.

Zucoloto, L. F. et al. (2021). Exames laboratoriais para o diagnóstico da covid-19: aplicações e limitações das técnicas. Cadernos Camilliani e-ISSN: 2594-9640, [S.l.], v. 17, n. 4, p. 2403-2415. http://www.saocamilo-es.br/revista/index.php/cadernoscamilliani/article/view/459

Downloads

Published

12/12/2021

How to Cite

CERQUEIRA, R. G. de M. .; IBIAPINA, S. I. de O.; MOREIRA, M. de C. .; PEREIRA, L. V. de A. C.; SILVA, L. C. .; SÁ, M. C. de .; ROCHA, I. M. .; REIS, L. C. de M. .; SOUSA, M. A. A. de .; MONTEIRO, A. L. .; CASTRO, S. A. D.; RODRIGUES, A. C. E.; SILVA, F. L. da . Apitoxin as an auxiliary tool in prophylaxis of infection against SARS-CoV-2. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 16, p. e248101623803, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23803. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/23803. Acesso em: 16 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 16

Section

Health Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Rilkaelle Gomes de Melo Cerqueira; Sofia Isis de Oliveira Ibiapina; Mariana de Carvalho Moreira; Lara Vitória de Araújo Costa Pereira; Luciane Costa Silva; Marcela Coelho de Sá; Izaura Maria Rocha; Liana Cynthia de Macedo Reis; Marcos André Arrais de Sousa; Amanda Laurindo Monteiro; Sérgio Augusto Dias Castro; Augusto Cesar Evelin Rodrigues; Francisco Laurindo da Silva

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.