Main risk factors for lower limb amputation in patients with diabetic foot: a systematic review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31599

Keywords:

Amputation; Lower extremity; Diabetic foot.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the main risk factors for lower limb amputation in patients with diabetic foot. Methodology: This is a systematic review carried out using the PRISMA method, in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, using the following descriptors: “limb amputation”, “secondary amputation”, “repeat amputation”, “diabetic foot” and “neuropathy”. Full texts, available in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published between January 2016 and December 2021 were included; studies that focused on factors associated with lower limb amputation in patients with diabetic foot; studies that included diabetic patients over 18 years of age; studies whose factors were listed using statistical data. Results: 12 articles made up the final sample of this study, with a higher frequency of publication in 2021 (n: 04). Most of the studies used the retrospective cohort study, with a moderate level of evidence (III). It was found that the main risk factors statistically associated with the occurrence of lower limb amputation in diabetics were: hypertension (n: 06); peripheral neuropathy (n: 06); chronic kidney disease (n: 05); male sex (n: 05); smoking (n: 05); age over 60 years (n: 04); peripheral vascular disease (n: 04); presence of previous amputation, previous ulcer or foot deformities (n: 04); ulcer size (n: 03); diabetic retinopathy (n: 03). Conclusion: It was found that several factors may be involved in the increase in the prevalence of lower limb amputation in diabetic patients, from sociodemographic issues, lifestyle and factors related to the diabetes clinic itself. Prevention and early intervention actions that consider the reduction of these events are necessary.

Author Biographies

Emanuel de Freitas Correia, Centro Universitário CESMAC

Graduando de Medicina pelo Centro Universitário CESMAC

Wályssa Cheiza Fernandes Santos, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Enfermeira graduada pela Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças (FENSG - Universidade de Pernambuco), Especialista em Saúde da Mulher pelo Programa de Residência de Enfermagem em Saúde da Mulher no Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira- IMIP e Mestranda em Economia em Saúde pela UFPE. Atualmente com vínculo empregatício com a EBSERH no Hospital das Clínicas de Pernambuco HC/UFPE.

Bianca Priscila Vasconcelos da Cunha, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco

Enfermeira pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)

Sabrina Laleska da Silva Souza, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco

Enfermeira pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)

Beatriz Rejane da Costa Raposo, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco

Graduanda de Enfermagem pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)

Luciana Karla Lima de Queiroz, Centro Universitário Brasileiro

Enfermeira pelo Centro Universitário Brasileiro (UNIBRA)

Jaqueline Maria da Silva, Centro Universitário Brasileiro

Enfermeira pelo Centro Universitário Brasileiro (UNIBRA)

Adrielly de Oliveira Feitosa, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco

Graduanda de Enfermagem pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)

Yasmim Lustosa Zaidan, Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde

Graduanda de Enfermagem pela Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde (FPS)

José William Araújo do Nascimento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Enfermeiro pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Especialista em Anatomia Humana pela UNINTER e Mestrando em Informática Médica pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Cin-UFPE).

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Published

30/06/2022

How to Cite

CORREIA, E. de F.; SANTOS, W. C. F.; CUNHA, B. P. V. da .; SOUZA, S. L. da S.; RAPOSO, B. R. da C.; QUEIROZ, L. K. L. de .; SILVA, J. M. da .; FEITOSA, A. de O.; ZAIDAN, Y. L.; NASCIMENTO, J. W. A. do . Main risk factors for lower limb amputation in patients with diabetic foot: a systematic review. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 8, p. e59511831599, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31599. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/31599. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences