The influence of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.33692Keywords:
Vitamin D; Metabolic Syndrome; Vitamin D deficiency; Supplementation.Abstract
Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are conditions that have a high epidemiological prevalence and several risk factors in common. Although the mechanisms involved in this association are not very well understood, vitamin D deficiency has been suggested as an etiological factor in the development of insulin resistance, which is the main factor involved in the pathophysiology of MS. Objective: to investigate whether there is effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in the remission of Metabolic Syndrome. Material and Methods: systematic review of randomized and cohort clinical trials, published between 2016 and 2021, in PuBmed, Lilacs/Medline, according to PRISMA recommendations. The GRADE system was applied to assess the quality and scientific evidence. Inclusion criteria, according to the PICOD question (Population; Intervention; Comparator; Output/result; Study design): adolescents and adults with metabolic syndrome, both sexes, using Vitamin D supplementation; studies with control group and metabolic syndrome remission outcome. Results: of the 713 articles identified, only 4 were analyzed, according to the mentioned criteria. Of these, only 1 showed remission of MS, due to vitamin D supplementation, due to the decrease in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure, glycemic levels and triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: the results found in this study are still contradictory and do not allow us to affirm the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in the remission of the metabolic syndrome and that other factors, such as age and lifestyle, can be decisive in the action of vitamin D.
References
SBC. (2005). I Diretriz Brasileira de Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Síndrome Metabólica. Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC). Arq. Brasileiros de Cardiologia. 84(Suplemento I), 2-28.
Alanouti, F.A. et al. (2020). Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 12(11), 3352. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113352.
Al-Daghri, N. M. et al. (2019). Effects of different vitamin D supplementation strategies in reversing metabolic syndrome and its component risk factors in adolescents. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 191, 105378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105378.
Aringazina, R., Kurmanalina, G., Kurmanalin, B. & Degtyarevskaya, T. (2021). Role of Vitamin D in Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. 20(2), 431-438.
Carmo, L.S., Burdmann, E.A., Fessel, M.R., Almeida, Y.E., Pescatore, L.A., Farias-Silva, E., Gamarra, L.F., Lopes, G.H., Aloia, T.P.A., & Liberman, M. (2019). Expansive Vascular Remodeling and Increased Vascular Calcification Response to Cholecalciferol in a Murine Model of Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 39, 200-211.
Castro, L.C.G. (2011). The vitamin D endocrine system. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 55 (8), 566-575.
Cozzolino, S.M.F. (2016). Biodisponibilidade de Nutrientes (5a ed.). Barueri, SP: Manole. 341-368.
Farag, H.A.M., Attar, M.J.H., Muhammad, B.L., Esmaillzadeh, A., & Bilbeisi, A.H. (2019). Effects of vitamin D supplementation along with endurance physical activity on lipid profile in metabolic syndrome patients: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 13 (2), 1093-1098.
Faraji, S., & Alizadeh, M. (2020). Mechanistic Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome Components in Patients with or without Vitamin D Deficiency. J Obes Metab Syndr. 29(4), 270-280.
Ford, E.S., Ajani, U.A., McGuire, L.C., & Liu, S. (2005). Concentrations of serum vitamin D and the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults. Diabetes Care. 28, 1228-1230.
Jeong, H.Y., Park, K.M., Lee, M.J., Yang, D.H., Kim, S.H., & Lee, S.Y. (2017). Vitamin D and Hypertension. Electrolyte Blood Press. 15, 1-11.
Jorde, R.; & Grimnes, G. (2011). Vitamin D and metabolic health with special reference to the effect of vitamin D on serum lipids. Prog Lipid Res.; 50, 303-312.
Junior, E.P.S., Fernandes, D.C., Almeida, A.T.F., Borges, F.A., & Novaes, J.A.R. (2011). Epidemiologia da deficiência de vitamina D. Revista Científica do ITPAC.4(3). https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/assets.unitpac.com.br/arquivos/Revista/43/2.pdf.
Kaseb, F., Haghighyfard, K., Salam, M.S., & Anari, A.G. (2017). Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Markers of Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight and Obese Adults. Acta Medica Iranica. 55(6), 399-403.
Latic, N., & Erben, R. (2020). Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease, with Emphasis on Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, and Heart Failure. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(18). https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6483.
Liu, S., Song, Y., Ford, E.S. et al. (2005). Dietary Calcium, Vitamin D, and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Women. Diabetes Care. 28(12), 2926-2932.
Makariou, S., Liberopoulos, E.N., Elisaf, M., & Challa, A. (2011). Novel roles of vitamin D in disease: What is new in 2011? European Journal of Internal Medicine. 22(4), 355-362.
Makariou, S., Elisaf, M., Challa, A., Tentolouris, N., & Liberopoulos, E.N. (2017). No effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a pilot randomised study. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis. 2(10), 52-60.
Miñambres, I. et al. (2014). Hipovitaminosis D y síndrome metabólico. Medicina Clinica. 143(12), 542-547.
Oliveira, L.V.A., et al. (2020). Prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica e seus componentes na população adulta brasileira. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 25(11), 4269-4280.
Park, S., Kim, D.S., & Kang, S. (2016). Vitamin D deficiency impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and increases insulin resistance by reducing PPAR-γ expression in nonobese Type 2 diabetic rats. J Nutr Biochem. 27, 257-265.
Ricciardi, C.J.; Bae, J., Esposito, D., Komarnytsky, S., Hu, P., Chen, J. et al. (2015). 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3/vitamin D receptor suppresses brown adipocyte differentiationand mitochondrial respiration. Eur J Nutr. 54, 1001-1012.
Rodreuguez, L.M., et al. (2021). Role of Vitamin D in the Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030830.
Sakuma, S., Fujisawa, J., Sumida, M., Tanigawa, M., Inoda, R., Sujihera, T. et al. (2012). The involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases in the 1α,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol-induced inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in vitro. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 58, 1-8.
Salekzamani, S., Mehralizadeh, H., Ghezel, A., Salekzamani, Y., Jafarabadi, M.A., Bavil, A.S., & Gargari, B.P. (2016). Effect of high‐dose vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled double‐ blind clinical trial. J Endocrinol Invest. 39(11), 1303-1313.
Sun, X., & Zemel, M.B. (2008). 1Alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D and corticosteroid regulate adipocyte nuclear vitamin D receptor. Int J Obes. 32, 1305-1311.
Szymczak-Pajor, et al. (2020). The Molecular Mechanisms by Which Vitamin D PreventsInsulin Resistance and Associated Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186644.
Wang, L., Song, Y., Manson, J.E., Pilz, S., Marz, W., Michaelsson, K., et al. (2012). Circulating 25- hydroxy-vitamin d and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 5, 819-829.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jacivania Ribeiro Souza; Najara Amaral Brandão; Lana Mércia Santiago de Souza; Claubert Radamés O. Coutinho-Lima; Vera Ferreira de Almeida; Luciana Ferreira da Silva; Érica Santos; Edilene Maria Queiroz Araujo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
