Effect of organoclay and corn straw on the properties of polycaprolactone composite films
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.33808Keywords:
PCL; Organophilic clay; Corn straw; Composites; Permeability.Abstract
The packaging industry requires materials capable of offering barriers to the entry of microorganisms, with the ability to protect and maintain the characteristics of the packaging content. The use of fillers can enhance these barrier properties to the polymeric material. This work investigates the effect of incorporating different fillers (organophilic clay and corn straw) on the rheological, thermal, mechanical and permeability characteristics of polycaprolactone (PCL) processed in an internal laboratory mixer. The results of torque rheometry suggest polymer matrix degradation during processing did not increase, nor the thermal stability of the matrix. Composite films showed higher tensile strength, higher stiffness and lower elongation. Incorporation of the fillers in the PCL matrix reduced the permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide gases of the produced films. Adding up to 1% of organoclay C20A or corn straw to PCL leads to a material that combines maintenance or improvement of properties combined with lower permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide, which confirms the potential use of these systems in packaging industry.
References
Almeida, T. G., Costa, A. R. M., Wellen, R. M. R., Canedo, E. L., & Carvalho, L. H. (2017). PHB/Bentonite Compounds. Effect of Clay Modification and Thermal Aging on Properties. Materials Research-Ibero-american Journal of Materials. 20, 1503 – 1510.
Amini, M. A., & Morrow, D. R. (1979). Leakage and permeation: theory and practical applications. Package Development & Systems. 9, 3, 20-27.
Avérous, L., & Pollet, E. (2012). Biodegradable polymers. In: (Ed.). Environmental silicate nano-biocomposites: Springer, 13-39.
Bardi, M. A. G., Munhoz, M. M. L., Auras, R. A., & Machado, L. D. B. (2014). Assessment of UV exposure and aerobic biodegradation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/starch blend films coated with radiation-curable print inks containing degradation-promoting additives. Industrial Crops and Products, 60, 326-334.
Bettio, P. P. S. B., & Pessan, L. A. (2012). Preparação e caracterização reológica de nanocompósitos de poli(cloreto de vinila): plastisol com nano-argila. Polímeros, 22, 332-338.
Camargo, P. H. C., Satyanarayana, K. G., & Wypych, F. (2009). Nanocomposites: synthesis, structure, properties and new application opportunities. Materials Research. 12, 1, 1-39.
Canedo, E. L. Processamento de Polímeros no Misturador Interno de Laboratório. 2ª Edição. (2017). PPGCEMat-UFCG: Campina Grande, PB. [http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23644.64647].
Fakhouri, F., Fontes, L., Innocentini-Mei, L., & Collares-Queiroz, F. (2009). Effect of Fatty Acid Addition on the Properties of Biopolymer Films Based on Lipophilic Maize Starch and Gelatin. Starch ‐ Stärke. 61. 528 - 536.
Falcão, G. A., Vitorino, M. B., Almeida, T. G., Bardi, M. A., Carvalho, L. H., & Canedo, E. L. (2017). PBAT/organoclay composite films: preparation and properties. Polymer Bulletin, 74, 4423-4436.
Falcão, G. A. M., Almeida, T. G., Bardi, M. A. G., Carvalho, L. H., & Canedo, E. L. (2019). PBAT/organoclay composite films. Part 2: Effect of UV aging on permeability, mechanical properties and biodegradation. Polymer Bulletin, 76, 291-301.
Guimarães, J. L., Wypych, F., Saul, C. K., Ramos, L. P., & Satyanarayana, K. G. (2010). Studies of the processing and characterization of corn starch and its composites with banana and sugarcane fibers from Brazil. Carbohydrate Polymers, 80, 130–138.
Lin W. J., & Lu, C.H. (2001). Characterization and permeation of microporous poly(ε-caprolactone) films. Journal of Membrane Science. 198, 109-118.
Luna, C. B. B., Santos Filho, E. A., Siqueira, D. D., Souza, D. D., Wellen, R. M. R., & Araújo, E. M. (2022). Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites. Journal of Composite Materials, 1, 002199832211239.
Luna, C. B. B., Siqueira, D. D., Ferreira, E. S. B., Araújo, E. M., & Wellen, R. M. R.; (2021). Effect of injection parameters on the thermal, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL). Journal of Elastomers ans Plastics, 1, 009524432110153.
Matta, A. K., Rao, R., Suman, K. N. S., & Rambabu, V. (2014). Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable PLA/PCL Polymeric Blends. Procedia Materials Science. 6. 1266-1270.
Mohanty, A. K., Misra, M., & Drzal, L. T. (2005). Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, and Biocomposites. Boca Raton FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0203508203.
Nicácio, P. H. M., Severo, A. M. C., Barros, A. B. S., Albuquerque, A. K. C.,Wellen, R. M. R., & Koschek, K. (2022). Approaches on the Complex Crystallization in PLA/Babassu Based on Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analyses. Journal of Polymer Environment 30, 3840–3851.
Perez, C., Alvarez, V., & Vazquez, A. (2008). Creep behaviour of layered silicate/starch–polycaprolactone blends nanocomposites. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 480, 1, 259-265.
Reul, L. T. A., Pereira, C. A. B., Sousa, F. M., Santos, R. M., Carvalho, L. H., & Canedo, E. L. (2018). Polycaprolactone/babassu compounds: rheological, thermal, and morphological characteristics. Polymer Composites, 40, S1, E540-E549.
Van Krevelen, D. W., & Te Nijenhuis, K. (2009) Properties of polymers, 4th edn., Amsterdam, Elsevier.
Santos, T. T., Almeida, T. G., Morais, D. D. S., Magalhães, F. D., Guedes, R. M., Canedo, E. L., & Carvalho, L. H. (2019). Effect of filler type on properties of PBAT/organoclay nanocomposites. Polymer Bulletin. 77, 901-917.
Silva, J. M., Sousa, F. M., Almeida, T. G., Bardi, M. A. G., & Carvalho, L. H. (2022). Rheological, thermal and mechanical characterization of PBAT/PCL/Stearates blends. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], 11, 3, e47811326630.
Sousa, F. M., Cavalcanti, F. B., Marinho, V. A. D., Morais, D. D. S., Almeida, T. G., & Carvalho, L. H. (2021). Effect of composition on permeability, mechanical properties and biodegradation of PBAT/PCL blends films. Polymer Bulletin, 79, 5327–5338. 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Gabriella Amorim Muniz Falcão; Tatiara Gomes de Almeida; Fernanda Menezes de Sousa; Lindembergue Pereira Costa Júnior; Laura Hecker de Carvalho; Gloria Maria Vinhas; Yêda Medeiros Bastos de Almeida
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
