Covid-19 and mortality among people with diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35702Keywords:
Covid-19; Diabetes Mellitus; Mortality; Risk factor.Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the mortality of Covid-19 in people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in the state of São Paulo. Data were collected in the State Data Analysis System, for the period from February 2020 to July 2021. Comparisons were analyzed using the log-binomial regression model and relative risk calculation. The model comparing patients with and without DM was adjusted for sex, age group, heart disease and obesity, possible confounding variables. Men with DM aged 21 to 30 years had a 74.28% higher risk of death when compared to men without DM. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor changes in age profiles and people considered at high risk to reduce mortality.
References
Aldossari, K. K., Alharbi, M. B., Alkahtani, S. M., Alrowaily, T. Z., Alshaikhi, A. M., & Twair, A. A. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 15(5),1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102271
Bode, B., Garrett, V., Messler, J., McFarland, R., Crowe, J., Booth, R., & Klonoff, D. C. (2020). Glycemic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in the United States. Journal of diabetes science and technology,14(4), 813-821. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296820924469
Branquinho, C., Paiva, T., Guedes, F., Gaspar, T., Tomé, G., & Gaspar, M. M. Health risk behaviors before and during COVID-19 and gender differences. J Community Psychol, 50(2), 1102-1110. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22705
Brasil. (2022a). Ministério da Saúde. Dia Nacional do Diabetes. Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde MS. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/26-6-dia-nacional-do-diabetes.
Brasil. (2021b). Ministério da Saúde. Diabetes (diabetes mellitus). Ministério da Saúde. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/saude-de-a-a-z/d/diabetes-diabetes-mellitus-1.
Brasil. (2022b). Ministério da Saúde. Plano nacional de operacionalização da vacinação contra a covid-19. (12 ª edição) 01/02/2022. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/coronavirus/vacinas/plano-nacional-de-operacionalizacao-da-vacina-contra-a-covid-19
Brasil. (2021a). Ministério da Saúde. Vigitel Brasil 2021: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico: estimativas sobre frequência e distribuição sociodemográfica de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal em 2021. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/publicacoes-svs/vigitel/vigitel-brasil-2021-estimativas-sobre-frequencia-e-distribuicao-sociodemografica-de-fatores-de-risco-e-protecao-para-doencas-cronicas/view
Cariou, B., Hadjadj, S., Wargny, M., Pichelin, M., Al-Salameh, A., Allix, I., Amadou, C., Arnault, G., Baudoux, F., Bauduceau, B., Borot, S., Bourgeon-Ghittori, M., Bourron, O., Boutoille, D., Cazenave-Roblot, F., Chaumeil, C., Cosson, E., Coudol, S., Darmon, P., Disse, E., ... CORONADO investigators. (2020). Phenotypic characteristics and prognosis of inpatients with COVID-19 and diabetes: the CORONADO study. Diabetologia, 63(8), 1500-1515.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05180-x
Cassino, D., & Besen-Cassino, Y. (2020). Of Masks and Men? Gender, Sex, and Protective Measures during COVID-19. Politics & Gender, 16(4), 1052-1062. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X20000616
Critchley, J. A., Carey, I. M., Harris, T., DeWilde, S., Hosking, F. J., & Cook, D. G. (2018). Glycemic Control and Risk of Infections Among People With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Primary Care Cohort Study. Diabetes Care, 41(10), 2127-2135. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc18-0287
Estrela, C. (2018). Metodologia Científica: Ciência, Ensino, Pesquisa. Editora Artes Médicas.
Gebhard, C., Regitz-Zagrosek, V., Neuhauser, H. K., Morgan, R., & Klein, S. L. (2020). Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe. Biol Sex Differ, 11(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-020-00304-9
Holman, N., Knighton, P., Kar, P., O'Keefe, J., Curley, M., Weaver, A., Barron, E., Bakhai, C., Khunti, K., Wareham, N.J., Sattar, N., Young, B., & Valabhji, J. (2020). Risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in England: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 8(10), 823-833. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30271-0
IBGE. (2022). População. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/sp/panorama
IDF. (2021). Diabetes Atlas. International Diabetes Federation. Tenth Edition. Global diabetes data report 2000 - 2045. https://diabetesatlas.org/data/en/world/
Klein, S. L., & Flanagan, K. L. Sex differences in immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol,16(10), 626-38. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.90
Lana, R. M., R. M., Freitas, L. P., Codeço, C. T., Pacheco A. G., Carvalho, L. M. F., Villela, D. A. M., Coelho, F. C., Cruz, O. G., Niquini, R. P., Porto, V. B. G., Gava, C., Gomes, M. F. C., & Bastos, L. S. (2021). Identificação de grupos prioritários para a vacinação contra Covid-19 no Brasil. Cad. Saúde Pública, 37(10), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00049821
Lima-Martínez, M. M., Carrera-Boada, C., Madera-Silva, M. D., Marín, W., & Contreras, M. (2021). COVID-19 and diabetes: A bidirectional relationship [COVID-19 y diabetes mellitus: una relación bidireccional]. Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis, 33(3), 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2021.04.004
Maciel, E. L., Jabor, P. M., Goncalves Jr, E., Siqueira, P. C., Prado, T. N., & Zandonade, E. (2021). A study assessing the quality of the COVID-19 Panel Data for children, adolescents and young individuals, Espírito Santo – Brazil, 2020. Escola Anna Nery, 25(spe), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2020-0509
Marques, C. A., Siqueira, M. M., & Portugal, F. B. (2020). Assessment of the lack of completeness of compulsory dengue fever notifications registered by a small municipality in Brazil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25(3), 891-900. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020253.16162018
McGurnaghan, S. J., Weir, A., Bishop, J., Kennedy, S., Blackbourn, L. A. K., McAllister, D. A., Hutchinson, S., Caparrotta, T. M., Mellor, J., Jeyam, A., O'Reilly, J. E., Wild, S. H., Hatam, S., Höhn, A., Colombo, M., Robertson, C., Lone, N., Murray, J., Butterly, E., Petrie, J., & Colhoun, H. M. (2021). Risks of and risk factors for COVID-19 disease in people with diabetes: a cohort study of the total population of Scotland. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 9(2), 82-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30405-8
Omar, S. M., Khalil, R., Adam, I., & Al-Wutayd, O. (2022). The Concern of COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Is behind Its Low Uptake among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Sudan. Vaccines, 10(4), 527-528. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040527
Pang, L., Liu, Y., Shen, M., Ye, J., Chen, R., Lan, Z., Wu, Z., Guo, Y., & Zhang, P. (2020). Influence of aging on deterioration of patients with COVID-19. Aging, 12(24), 26248-26262. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202136
Pereira A. S., et al. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [free e-book]. Santa Maria/RS. Ed. UAB/NTE/UFSM.
Santos, A., Magro, D. O., Evangelista-Poderoso, R., & Saad, M. J. A. (2021). Diabetes, obesity, and insulin resistance in COVID-19: molecular interrelationship and therapeutic implications. Diabetol Metab Syndr, 13(23), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00639-2
SEADE. (2022). Casos e óbitos. Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados - SEADE. https://www.seade.gov.br/coronavirus/#
Shang, J., Wang, Q., Zhang, H., Wang, X., Wan, J., Yan, Y., Gao, Y., Cheng, J., Li, Z., & Lin, J. (2021). The Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19 Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Wuhan, China. Am J Med, 134(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.05.033
Souza, F. S. H., Hojo-Souza, N. S., Batista, B. D. O., da Silva, C. M., & Guidoni, D. L. (2021). On the analysis of mortality risk factors for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A data-driven study using the major Brazilian database. PLoS One, 16(3), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248580
Varikasuvu, S. R., Dutt, N., Thangappazham, B., & Varshney, S. (2021). Diabetes and COVID-19: A pooled analysis related to disease severity and mortality. Prim Care Diabetes, 15(1), 24-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2020.08.015
Vega, R., Ruíz-Barquín, R., Boros, S., & Szabo, A. (2020). Could attitudes toward COVID-19 in Spain render men more vulnerable than women? Glob Public Health, 15(9), 1278-1291. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1791212
WHO. (2021). World Health Organization (WHO). Diabetes. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1
Zhou, Y., Chi, J., Lv, W., & Wang, Y. (2021). Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 37(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3377
Zhu, L., She, Z. G., Cheng, X., Qin, J. J., Zhang, X. J., Cai, J., Lei, F., Wang, H., Xie, J., Wang, W., Li, H., Zhang, P., Song, X., Chen, X., Xiang, M., Zhang, C., Bai, L., Xiang, D., Chen, M. M., Liu, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab, 31(6), 1068–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ana Cristina Ribeiro; Tatiane Veteri Coneglian; Ana Júlia Camargo; Priscila Poli; Rafaela Carla Piotto Rodrigues ; Silvia Carla da Silva André Uehara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.