Aspects of grieving in families of death as a result of COVID-19 in the hospital scope
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37111Keywords:
Grief; Bereavement; Coronavirus; Death; Attitude to Death; Nursing.Abstract
Objective: To analyze aspects related to the experience of mourning in family members of those who died by COVID-19 in the hospital environment. Methodology: Study with a qualitative approach, developed in a referral hospital in Ceará, between March and June 2020. The data were analyzed by the IRAMUTEQ software, where the descending hierarchical classification was obtained to assess the dendrogram data according to the generated classes and of the word cloud. Results: Eleven family members of patients who died from COVID-19 in a hospital participated in the study. The analyzed content was categorized into four classes: Class 1 – recognition of the body after death, with 10 ST (29.41%); Class 2 – the death notice, with 12 ST (35.29%); Class 3 - social isolation in the face of the ban on visits, with 06 ST (17.65%) and Class 4 - feelings in the general context of family loss by COVID-19. Conclusion: The news of the death was passed on to the family members with coldness and detachment on the part of the professionals. There was a negative impact due to the change in farewell rituals on the verge of dying and the recognition of the body by the family member.
References
Almeida, C. (2020). Novos rituais do luto em tempos de distanciamento. Vamos falar sobre o luto.
Arango, C. (2020). Lessons learned from the coronavirus health crisis in Madrid, Spain: how COVID-19 has changed our lives in the last 2 weeks. Biological psychiatry, 88(7), e33-e34.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. (2020a). Manejo de corpos no contexto do novo coronavírus-COVID-19. https://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/25/manejo-corpos coronavirus-versao1-25mar20 rev5.pdf
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (2020b). Painel Coronavírus. https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Crepaldi, M. A., Schmidt, B., Noal D, D. S., Bolze, S. D. A., & Gabarra, L. M. (2020). Terminalidade, morte e luto na pandemia de COVID-19: demandas psicológicas emergentes e implicações práticas. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 37.
Croda, J. H. R., & Garcia, L. P. (2020). Resposta imediata da Vigilância em Saúde à epidemia da COVID-19. Epidemiologia e serviços de saúde, 29, e2020002.
Dantas, C. D. R., Azevedo, R. C. S. D., Vieira, L. C., Côrtes, M. T. F., Federmann, A. L. P., Cucco, L. D. M., & Cassorla, R. M. S. (2020). O luto nos tempos da COVID-19: desafios do cuidado durante a pandemia. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental, 23, 509-533.
Ferguson, N., Laydon, D., Nedjati-Gilani, G., Imai, N., Ainslie, K., Baguelin, M., & Ghani, A. (2020). Report 9: Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID19 mortality and healthcare demand.
Franco, M. H. P. (2021). O luto no século 21: uma compreensão abrangente do fenômeno. Summus Editorial.
Ho, C. S., Chee, C. Y., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Mental health strategies to combat the psychological impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 49(1), 1-3.
Hott, M. C. M. (2020). COVID-19: Complicando o rito da morte e o luto. InterAmerican Journal of Medicine and Health, 3.
Ingravallo, F. (2020). Death in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e258.
Kreuz, G., & Franco, M. H. P. (2017). O luto do idoso diante das perdas da doença e do envelhecimento – Revisão Sistemática de Literatura. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 69(2), 168-186.
Lucena, P. L. C. (2021). Comunicação de más notícias e luto de familiares de vítimas da Covid-19: contribuições para enfermagem no contexto dos cuidados paliativos.
Marques, M. (2015). Fatores que impedem a resolução do luto. Psicologia.PT, 1-8.
Michel, L. H. F., & Freitas, J. D. L. (2019). A clínica do luto e seus critérios diagnósticos: possíveis contribuições de Tatossian. Psicologia USP, 30.
Moore, K., Jones, L., Ripoll, S., Jones, T., & Yonally-Phillips, E. (2020). Key Considerations: Dying, Bereavement and Mortuary and Funerary Practices in the Context of COVID-19 (April 2020).
Morris, C., & Reuben, A. (2020). Coronavírus: faz sentido comparar números da pandemia em países tão diferentes? [internet]. BBC Reality Check.
Neimeyer, R. A., & Lee, S. A. (2022). Circumstances of the death and associated risk factors for severity and impairment of COVID-19 grief. Death studies, 46(1), 34-42.
Perea, J. G. F. (2020). Algunas reflexiones sobre dilemas éticos del cuidado en un entorno de pandemia. Psicologia & Sociedade, 32.
Reale, M. J. D. O. U. (2021). Perdas, luto e transformações em tempos de covid-19. Revista Baiana de Enfermagem, 35.
Rente, M. A. D. M., & Merhy, E. E. (2020). Luto e não-violência em tempos de pandemia: precariedade, saúde mental e modos outros de viver. Psicologia & Sociedade, 32.
Robles-Lessa, M. M., Cabral, H. L. T. B., Cruz, R. S., Monteiro, J. R., & Guimarães, D. N. (2020). Consequências do adeus negado às vítimas da covid-19. Revista Transformar, 14(2), 283-305.
Santos, F. S., Schliemann, A. L., & Solano, J. P. (2014). Tratado brasileiro sobre perdas e luto. São Paulo: Atheneu.
Silva, A., Castro-Silva, C. R., & Moura, L. (2018). Qualitative research in health: routes and difficulties in beginner researchers’ education. Saúde e Sociedade, 27(2), 632-645.
Souza, M. A. R. D., Wall, M. L., Thuler, A. C. D. M. C., Lowen, I. M. V., & Peres, A. M. (2018). The use of IRAMUTEQ software for data analysis in qualitative research. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 52.
Sunde, R. M., & Sunde, L. M. C. (2020). Luto familiar em tempos da pandemia da covid-19: dor e sofrimento psicológico. Revista Interfaces: Saúde, Humanas e Tecnologia, 8(3), 703-710.
Teixeira, P. T. F. (2021). Pandemia Covid-19: Reflexões Sobre o Enlutamento/Covid-19 Pandemic: Reflections on Bereavement. ID on line. Revista de psicologia, 15(54), 582-592.
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 – 11 March 2020. https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-openingremarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
Zhai, Y., & Du, X. (2020). Mental health care for international Chinese students affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e22.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Daniele Cabral Dias; Maria Eduarda Vasconcelos Silva Ribeiro; Lara Ramos Amorim; Samuel da Silva Nobre; Alan Rodrigues da Silva; Aglauvanir Soares Barbosa; Leandro Rodrigues de Sena; Rita Mônica Borges Studart
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.