Conservative treatment for open pyometra with aglepristone in a prize-winning breeding bitch of the French Bulldog breed
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i2.40337Keywords:
Reproductive disorder; Hormone therapy; Pyometra; Conservative treatment.Abstract
Pyometra is the most common infectious disease of the reproductive system in bitches. It is considered a disease of great complexity and if not diagnosed and treated in time, it can lead to the death of the bitch. The purpose of this article is to report the efficacy of conservative treatment in a bitch diagnosed with pyometra and her subsequent return to reproductive function. This is a 12-month-old female French Bulldog that presented with apathy, dehydration, hyperthermia, hyporexia, abdominalgia, and mucopurulent vulvar discharge. The presumptive diagnosis of pyometra was based on the extravasation of purulent contents through the vulva, which was confirmed by ultrasonography. The treatment initiated was based on the administration of aglepristone (Alizin® Virbac) and combinations with antibiotic therapy, antiphlogistic drugs, analgesic, and gastric protector, which proved to be effective for the clinical cure of the animal. After three years, the animal was subjected to artificial insemination and pregnancy was confirmed, with uneventful gestation and birth of two puppies. The treatment in question was considered effective because it promoted the clinical cure of the animal, the complete involution of the uterus and the return of reproductive viability.
References
Ahn, S., Bae, H., Kim, J., Kim, S., Park, J., Kim, S. K., ... & Yu, D. (2021). Comparison of clinical and inflammatory parameters in dogs with pyometra before and after ovariohysterectomy. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 85(4), 271-278.
Arendt, M., Ambrosen, A., Fall, T., Kierczak, M., Tengvall, K., Meadows, J. R., ... & Hagman, R. (2021). The ABCC4 gene is associated with pyometra in golden retriever dogs. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 16647. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95936-1
Bartoskova, A., Vitasek, R., Leva, L., & Faldyna, M. (2007). Hysterectomy leads to fast improvement of haematological and immunological parameters in bitches with pyometra. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 48(10), 564-568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00345.x
Batista, P. R., Blanco, P. G., & Gobello, C. (2015). Treatment of canine pyometra with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist acyline: A case series. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 30(1), 25-27. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2015.01.005
Chen, Y. M., Wright, P. J., Lee, C. S., & Browning, G. F. (2003). Uropathogenic virulence factors in isolates of Escherichia coli from clinical cases of canine pyometra and feces of healthy bitches. Veterinary microbiology, 94(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(03)00063-4
Cunha, H. C. B., Promissia, S. G., & Almeida, C. B. (2020). Piometra: infecção uterina em cadelas jovens e adultas. Revista Científica, 1(1).
Dąbrowski, R., Szczubiał, M., Kostro, K., Wawron, W., Ceron, J. J., & Tvarijonaviciute, A. (2015). Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and C-reactive protein concentrations before and after ovariohysterectomy in bitches with pyometra. Theriogenology, 83(4), 474-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.024
Egenvall, A., Hagman, R., Bonnett, B. N., Hedhammar, A., Olson, P., & Lagerstedt, A. S. (2001). Breed risk of pyometra in insured dogs in Sweden. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 15(6), 530-538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb01587.x
Fieni, F. (2006). Clinical evaluation of the use of aglepristone, with or without cloprostenol, to treat cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex in bitches. Theriogenology, 66(6-7), 1550-1556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.02.009
Fieni, F., Topie, E., & Gogny, A. (2014). Medical treatment for pyometra in dogs. Reproduction in domestic animals, 49, 28-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12302
Goudie, A. (2013). Detection of intraperitoneal free gas by ultrasound. Australasian journal of ultrasound in medicine, 16(2), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2205-0140.2013.tb00166.x
Hagman, R. (2017). Molecular aspects of uterine diseases in dogs. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 52, 37-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.13039
Hagman, R. (2018). Pyometra in small animals. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice, 48(4), 639-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.03.001
Hagman, R. (2022). Pyometra in small animals 2.0. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice, 52(3), 631-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.01.004
Hagman, R., Kindahl, H., Fransson, B. A., Bergström, A., Holst, B. S., & Lagerstedt, A. S. (2006). Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis. Theriogenology, 66(2), 198-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.11.002
Hagman, R., Lagerstedt, A. S., Hedhammar, Å., & Egenvall, A. (2011). A breed-matched case-control study of potential risk-factors for canine pyometra. Theriogenology, 75(7), 1251-1257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.11.038
Henriques, S., Silva, E., Silva, M. F., Carvalho, S., Diniz, P., Lopes-da-Costa, L., & Mateus, L. (2016). Immunomodulation in the canine endometrium by uteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Veterinary research, 47(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-016-0396-z
Jitpean, S., Hagman, R., Ström Holst, B., Höglund, O. V., Pettersson, A., & Egenvall, A. (2012). Breed variations in the incidence of pyometra and mammary tumours in Swedish dogs. Reproduction in domestic animals, 47, 347-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12103
Johnston, S. D., Root Kustritz, M. V., & Olson, P. S. (2001). Canine and feline theriogenology. Saunders.
Jurka, P., Max, A., Hawryńska, K., & Snochowski, M. (2010). Age‐related pregnancy results and further examination of bitches after aglepristone treatment of pyometra. Reproduction in domestic animals, 45(3), 525-529. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01288.x
Kempisty, B., Bukowska, D., Wozna, M., Piotrowska, H., Jackowska, M., Zuraw, A., ... & Nowicki, M. (2013). Endometritis and pyometra in bitches: a review. Veterinarni medicina, 58(6).
Macente, B., Gutierrez, R. R., Apparício, M., Mansano, C. F. M., Padilha, L. C., Tiosso, C. F., & Toniollo, G. H. (2016). Uso da Aglepristone no tratamento de piometra em cadela com gestação no estro subsequente. Revista Investigação Medicina Veterinária, 15(1), 46-48.
Maddens, B., Daminet, S., Smets, P., & Meyer, E. (2010). Escherichia coli pyometra induces transient glomerular and tubular dysfunction in dogs. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 24(6), 1263-1270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0603.x
Mattei, C., Fabbi, M., & Hansson, K. (2018). Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings in a dog with emphysematous pyometra. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 60(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-018-0419-z
Maya-Pulgarin, D., Gonzalez-Dominguez, M. S., Aranzazu-Taborda, D., Mendoza, N., & Maldonado-Estrada, J. G. (2017). Histopathologic findings in uteri and ovaries collected from clinically healthy dogs at elective ovariohysterectomy: a cross-sectional study. Journal of veterinary science, 18(3), 407-414. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.407
Melandri, M., Veronesi, M. C., Pisu, M. C., Majolino, G., & Alonge, S. (2019). Fertility outcome after medically treated pyometra in dogs. Journal of veterinary science, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e39
Mello Corrêa, T. (2020). Avaliação ultrassonográfica da hiperplasia endometrial cística-piometra em cadelas senis após tratamento com farmacoterapia específica–relato de três casos. Revista Panorâmica online, 2.
Pailler, S., Slater, M. R., Lesnikowski, S. M., J’mai, M. G., Duvieusart, C. B., Ledesma, E. J., ... & DeClementi, C. (2022). Findings and prognostic indicators of outcomes for bitches with pyometra treated surgically in a nonspecialized setting. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 260(S2), S49-S56. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.20.12.0713
Pawlak, P., Warzych, E., Madeja, Z. E., Nowak, T., & Lechniak, D. (2021). Pyometra does not affect some molecular quality-related parameters of canine oocytes. Annals of Animal Science, 21(1), 193-204. https://doi:https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2020-0062
Pretzer, S. D. (2008). Clinical presentation of canine pyometra and mucometra: a review. Theriogenology, 70(3), 359-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.028
Qian, C., & Hou, J. (2017). Escherichia coli virulence influences the roles of sex hormone receptors in female dogs with simulated pyometra. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 14(4), 3013-3021. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4894
Qian, C., Jiang, C., & Hou, J. (2020). The endometrium histopathology and cell ultrastructure in bitches with pyometra induced using progesterone and Escherichia coli. Tissue and Cell, 67, 101414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2020.101414
Riquelme, A. S., & Beato, C. R. (2021). Un caso de mucohematometra en una perra: descripción y análisis de un tratamiento con aglepristona y cloprostenol. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 32(6). http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v32i6.21687
Ros, L., Holst, B. S., & Hagman, R. (2014). A retrospective study of bitches with pyometra, medically treated with aglepristone. Theriogenology, 82(9), 1281-1286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.08.011
Rosa Filho, R. R. D., Brito, M. M., Faustino, T. G., Almeida, L. L. D., Gardés, T. P., Leite, R. F., & Vannucchi, C. I. (2020). Clinical changes and uterine hemodynamic in pyometra medically treated bitches. Animals, 10(11), 2011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10112011
Rybska, M., Billert, M., Skrzypski, M., Kubiak, M., Woźna-Wysocka, M., Łukomska, A., ... & Wąsowska, B. (2022). Canine cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra may downregulate neuropeptide phoenixin and GPR173 receptor expression. Animal Reproduction Science, 238, 106931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106931
Sá, M. A. F., Salles, S. P. X., & Fagundes, A. S. (2016). Principais métodos diagnósticos da piometra canina–revisão de literatura. Revista Científica do UBM, 105-123. https://doi.org/10.52397/rcubm.v0in.%2034.1270
Schlafer, D. H. (2012). Diseases of the canine uterus. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 47, 318-322. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12064
Trasch, K., Wehrend, A., & Bostedt, H. (2003). Follow‐up examinations of bitches after conservative treatment of pyometra with the antigestagen aglepristone. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 50(7), 375-379. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2003.00557.x
Veiga, G. A. L., Miziara, R. H., Angrimani, D. S. R., Papa, P. C., Cogliati, B., & Vannucchi, C. I. (2017). Cystic endometrial hyperplasia–pyometra syndrome in bitches: identification of hemodynamic, inflammatory, and cell proliferation changes. Biology of reproduction, 96(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.116.140780
Verstegen, J., Dhaliwal, G., & Verstegen-Onclin, K. (2008). Mucometra, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and pyometra in the bitch: advances in treatment and assessment of future reproductive success. Theriogenology, 70(3), 364-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.036
Woźna-Wysocka, M., Rybska, M., Błaszak, B., Jaśkowski, B. M., Kulus, M., & Jaśkowski, J. M. (2021). Morphological changes in bitches endometrium affected by cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex–the value of histopathological examination. BMC Veterinary Research, 17, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02875-0
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nayara Fernandez Dadona; Douglas Alves Pereira; Vinícius José de Oliveira; Aurinete Calixto Fernandes de Carvalho; Nathalie Prates Sanarelli; Laura Cristina Nunes Reis; Laiz Basso Machado; Júlio Cézar Basso Machado; Leandro Willian Borges
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
