Cannabidiol (CBD) and its therapeutic effects for anxiety in humans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.41298Keywords:
Cannabidiol; CBD; Anxiety.Abstract
It stands out that pathological anxiety is a highly prevalent comorbidity in Brazil and that can cause personal damage to family and social life. In contemporary times, there is a need for the emergence of new therapies that help in the treatment of this pathology. With this, it is postulated that phytocannabinoids have peculiar actions in the nervous system, and exert important anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects. This research aims to gather data in the literature through a literature review to demonstrate the action of endocannabinoids in the treatment of anxiety disorders in order to elucidate their mechanism of action as well as their benefits in anxiety. For the present work, a bibliographic review was used, which took place through a search on the Web of science platforms, MEDLINE (PubMed) and LILACS, using the following descriptors: Cannabidiol, CBD and anxiety, which found 63 articles in the range of 10 years old. By means of an analytical and critical method, articles in Portuguese and English were selected that correlated the phytocannabinoid with pathological anxiety. It is concluded, therefore, that one of the main compounds of Cannabis Sativa, CBD, is capable of decreasing the activation of the amygdala and hippocampus. Therefore, this review demonstrated that cannabidiol has particular actions in the central nervous system, exerting potential anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects, modulating excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Although the evidence is very encouraging, it is pointed out that doctors and potential users should consider the risk and benefit in the decision to use.
References
Appiah-Kusi, E., Petros, N., Wilson, R., Colizzi, M., Bossong, M.G., Valmaggia, L., Mondelli, V., McGuire, P., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2020). Effects of short-term cannabidiol treatment on response to social stress in subjects at clinical high risk of developing psychosis. Psychopharmacology (Berl);237(4):1121-1130. http://doi: 10.1007/s00213-019-05442-6.
Assunção, R. S., & Silva, M. D. P. (2022). Evidências do papel terapêutico e deletério da cannabis sativa em quadros de ansiedade. Brazilian Journal of Development, 8(6), 44202-44221, http:// doi: 10.34117/bjdv8n6-106.
Bezerra, L.R., Silva, N.M, & Souza, P.G.V.D. (2020). Medicamento derivado da maconha: Canabidiol e seus efeitos no tratamento de doenças do sistema nervoso. Brazilian Journal of Development., 6(12), 94755-94765, http://doi:10.34117/bjdv6n12-078.
Bhamra, S. K., Desai, A., Berendjestanki, P. I., & Horgan, M. (2021). The emerging role of cannabidiol (CBD) products; a survey exploring the public's use and perceptions of CBD. Phytotherapy Research; 35(10):5734-5740.http://doi: 10.1002/ptr.7232.
Bhattacharyya, S., Wilson, R., Appiah-Kusi, E., O’Neill, A., Brammer, M., Perez, J., Murray, R., Allen, P., Bossong, M. G., & McGuire, P. (2018). Effect of Cannabidiol on Medial Temporal, Midbrain, and Striatal Dysfunction in People at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry, 75(11), 1107. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2309.
Bueno, A. R., & Ortiz, J. V. (2021). Opção terapêutica para ansiedade: o uso da Cannabis sativa é uma alternativa farmacológica? Research, Society and Development. 10(15), e476101522948, http://doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i15.22948
Carvalho, K. M., Souza, L. S., Silva, P. L.; & Oliveira, S. P. S. N. (2021). A cannabis sativa e suas propriedades farmacológicas no tratamento de transtorno de ansiedade–revisão sistemática. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação. 7(10). http:// doi.org/10.51891/rease.v7i10.2995.
Di Marzo, V.; & Matias, I. (2005). Endocannabinoid control of food intake and energy balance. Nature neuroscience, 8(5), 585-589. http:// doi: 10.1038/nn1457 .
Faria, S. M., Fabrício, D. M., Tuma, V., Castro, P. C., Ponti, M. A., Hallak, J. E., Zuardi, A. W., Crippa, J. A. S., & Chagas, M. H. N. (2020). Effects of acute cannabidiol administration on anxiety and tremors induced by a Simulated Public Speaking Test in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Psychopharmacol. Feb;34(2):189-196, http://doi: 10.1177/0269881119895536.
Flier, F. E. V., Kwee, C. M. B., Cath, D. C., Batelaan, N. M., Groenink, L., Duits, P., Veen, D.C.V.D., Balkom, A. J.L., & Baas, J.M.P. (2019). Cannabidiol enhancement of exposure therapy in treatment refractory patients with phobias: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 19:69 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2022-x.
Fonseca, J. J. S. (2010). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. UEC, 2010. Apostila.
Hurd, Y. L., Spriggs, S., Alishayev, J., Winkel, G., Gurgov, K., Kudrich, C., Oprescu, A. M., & Salsitz, E. (2019). Cannabidiol for the reduction of cue-induced craving and anxiety in drug-abstinent individuals with heroin use disorder: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(11), 911–922. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18101191
Laczkovics, C., Kothgassner, O. D., Felnhofer, A., & Klier, C. (2021). Cannabidiol treatment in an adolescent with multiple substance abuse,social anxiety and depression. Neuropsychiatrie; 35(1):31-34. http://doi: 10.1007/s40211-020-00334-0
Leen-Feldner, E. W., Bynion, T. M., Gournay, R., Bonn-Miller, M. O., & Feldner, M. T. (2021). Practical considerations for testing the effects of cannabidiol on human anxiety. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders. V. 82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102429
Linares, L. M., Zuard, A.W., Pereira, L. C., Queiroz, R. H., Mechoulam, R., Guimaraes, F. S. M, & Crippa, J. A. (2019) Cannabidiol presents an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve in a simulated public speaking test. Braz J Psychiatry;41(1):9-14. http://doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-0015.
Kayser, R. R., Haney, M.; Raskin, M., Arout, C., & Simpson. (2020). Acute effects of cannabinoids on symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A human laboratory study. Depression and Anxiety;37(8):801-811. http://doi: 10.1002/da.23032.
Mandolini, G. M., Lazzaretti, M., Pigoni, A., Oldani, L., Delvecchio, G., & Brambilla, P. (2018). Pharmacological properties of cannabidiol in the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a critical overview. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences; 27(4):327-335. http://doi: 10.1017/S2045796018000239.
Peixoto, L. S. F., Lima, I. F. M., Silva, C.P., Pimentel, L. G., Lima, V. B.S., Santana, K. R., Paz Júnior, F. B., & Da Paz, E. S. L. (2020). Ansiedade: o uso da Cannabis sativa como terapêutica alternativa frente aos benzodiazepínicos. Braz. J. of Develop., 6(7), 50502-50509; http:// DOI:10.34117/bjdv6n7-631.
Ribeiro, G. R., Nery, L. G., Costa, A. C. M. M., Oliveira, G. S., Vaz, R. L., Fontoura, H. d. S., & Arruda, J. T. (2021). Potencial uso terapêutico dos compostos canabinoides – canabidiol e delta-9-tetrahidrocanabinol. Research, Society and Development, 10(4), e25310413844. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.13844.
Rodrigues, B. B., Alvarenga, C. R., & Aguiar, C. (2022) Uso terapêutico do canabidiol nos transtornos de ansiedade e insônia. Brazilian Journal of Development, 8(12), 79140-79152. http:// doi:10.34117/bjdv8n12-152.
Shoval, D. H., Weller, A., Weizman, A., & Shoval, G. (2022). Examining the Use of Antidepressants for Adolescents with Depression/Anxiety Who Regularly Use Cannabis: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health;19(1):523. http://doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010523.
Silva, M. L. O., & Freitas, M. T. S. (2021). Análise toxicológica da cannabis sativa e seus benefícios terapêuticos. Brazilian Journal of Development, Curitiba, 7(6), 63013-63023; http:// doi:10.34117/bjdv7n6-602.
Silva, T. T. (2020). Anxiety disorder and consumption of social media in Brazil. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 8(5), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss5.2347.
Skelley, J. W., Deas, C. M., Curren, Zachary, & Ennis, J. (2019). Use of cannabidiol in anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association. 60(1):253-261. http://doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.008.
Turcotte, C., Blanchet, M. R., Laviolette, M., & Flamand, N. (2016). The CB2 receptor and its role as a regulator of inflammation. Cellular and molecular life sciences, 73(23), 4449-4470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2300-4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Magno Silva de Aguiar; Leandro Carvalho Hipolito; Vanderlei José de Sousa Júnior; Beatriz Ribas de Melo; Juliana de Castro Vilanova; João Gustavo Porto Torres; Leiz Maria Costa Véras
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
