Spirituality and religiosity: challenges and possibilities into medical practice

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41396

Keywords:

Spirituality; Religion; Medicine.

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a review of scientific productions about what the challenges and possibilities are to integrate spirituality and religiosity (S/R) into medical practice. Method: This is an integrative literature review in the period between 2017 to 2023 in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. The search was carried out in the Virtual Health Library using the descriptors: “Spirituality”, “Medicine”, “Medical History Taking”, “Medical Education”, “Religion”, “Religion and Medicine”. Results: Twelve articles were selected and their contents were classified into two categories: Challenges of incorporating S/R approach in Clinical Practice, and Possibilities of S/R implementation in Medical Service. It is evident, among listed studies, that the dichotomy between challenges and possibilities traverses questions such as knowledge, training, interest, beliefs, location and time. Final Considerations: It has been evidenced that, in spite of the considerable recognition of the importance of the subject, there is a scarcity of literature knowledge along with both conceptual and practice interest among medical professionals, as well as a lack of scientific production focused on the clinical practice of spirituality and religiosity. As it constitutes a fundamental aspect of integral care, it is necessary for the available tools to be better integrated in the areas of education and medical service.

References

Aguiar, P. R., Cazella, S. C., & Costa, M. R. (2017). A Religiosidade/Espiritualidade dos Médicos de Família: Avaliação de Alunos da Universidade Aberta do SUS (UNA-SUS). Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 41(2), 310–319. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712015v41n2rb20170009

Best, M., Butow, P., & Olver, I. (2014). Spiritual support of cancer patients and the role of the doctor. Supportive Care in Cancer, 22(5), 1333–1339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2091-1

Best, M., Butow, P., & Olver, I. (2016). Doctors discussing religion and spirituality: A systematic literature review. Palliative Medicine, 30(4), 327–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216315600912

Biondo, C. S., Ferraz, M. O. A., Silva, M. L. M., & Yarid, S. D. (2017). Espiritualidade nos serviços de urgência e emergência. Revista Bioética, 25(3), 596–602. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422017253216

Carmo, K. B. do. (2022). Espiritualidade aplicada à medicina. Revista Bioética, 30(4). Recuperado de https://revistabioetica.cfm.org.br/index.php/revista_bioetica/article/view/3023

Chow, H. H. E., Chew, Q. H., & Sim, K. (2021). Spirituality and religion in residents and inter-relationships with clinical practice and residency training: a scoping review. BMJ Open, 11(5), e044321. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044321

Damiano, R. F., Costa, L. A., Viana, M. T. S. A., Moreira-Almeida, A., Lucchetti, A. L. G., & Lucchetti, G. (2016). Brazilian scientific articles on “Spirituality, Religion and Health.” Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 43(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000073

de Aguiar, P. R. D. C., Cazella, S. C., & da Costa, M. R. (2016). What do we know about the teaching of religiosity/spirituality in medical undergraduate curricula? An integrative review. MedEdPublish, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2016.000048

de Oliveira e Oliveira, F. H. A., Peteet, J. R., & Moreira-Almeida, A. (2021). Religiosity and spirituality in psychiatry residency programs: why, what, and how to teach? Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 43(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1106

Esperandio, M. R. G., & Machado, G. A. S. (2019). Brazilian Physicians’ Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Patients’ Spirituality: Implications for Clinical Practice. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(4), 1172–1187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0707-y

Esporcatte, R., Avezum Jr, Á., Moreira-Almeida, A., Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, I., & Hideyuki Moriguchi, E. (2020). Espiritualidade: do conceito à anamnese espiritual e escalas para avaliação. Revista Da Sociedade de Cardiologia Do Estado de São Paulo, 30(3), 306–314. https://doi.org/10.29381/0103-8559/20203003306-14

Fleenor, D. W., Atkinson, H. G., Karani, R., Lerner, S., Leisman, S., & Marin, D. (2022). An Innovative Approach for Integrating Mandatory, Longitudinal Spirituality Training Into the Medical School Curriculum. Academic Medicine, 97(2), 215–221. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000004494

Flores, I. P., Pereira, E. R., Silva, R. M. C. R. A., & Alcantara, V. C. G. de. (2020). Espiritualidade, ensino na graduação e prática profissional: uma revisão integrativa. Research, Society and Development, 9(6), e137963503–e137963503. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i6.3503

Hart, A., Kohlwes, R. J., Deyo, R., Rhodes, L. A., & Bowen, D. J. (2003). Hospice patients’ attitudes regarding spiritual discussions with their doctors. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 20(2), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/104990910302000212

Inoue, T. M., & Vecina, M. V. A. (2017). Espiritualidade e/ou religiosidade e saúde: uma revisão de literatura. J Health Sci Inst, 35(2), 127–157. Recuperado de https://repositorio.unip.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/V35_n2_2017_p127a130.pdf

International Health Conference. (2002). Constitution of the World Health Organization. 1946. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80(12). Recuperado de https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567705/

Koenig, H. G. (2012). Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications. ISRN Psychiatry, 2012(278730), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/278730

Koenig, H. G., King, D. E., & Verna Benner Carson. (2012). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford University Press.

Kørup, A. K., Søndergaard, J., Lucchetti, G., Ramakrishnan, P., Baumann, K., Lee, E., Frick, E., Büssing, A., Alyousefi, N. A., Karimah, A., Schouten, E., Wermuth, I., Hefti, R., de Diego-Cordero, R., Menegatti-Chequini, M. C., & Hvidt, N. C. (2021). Physicians’ religious/spiritual characteristics and their behavior regarding religiosity and spirituality in clinical practice. Medicine, 100(52), e27750. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000027750

Lucchetti, G., de Araujo Almeida, P. O., Martin, E. Z., Góes, L. G., Cotta, K. C. G., Lima, A. C., da Silva Ezequiel, O., & Lucchetti, A. L. G. (2023). The current status of “spirituality and health” teaching in Brazilian medical schools: a nationwide survey. BMC Medical Education, 23(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04153-z

Lucchetti, G., Granero, A. L., Bassi, R. M., Latorraca, R., & Nacif, S. A. da P. (2010). Espiritualidade na prática clínica: o que o clínico deve saber. Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd, 8(2). Recuperado de https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-544002

Mächler, R., Sturm, N., Frick, E., Schalhorn, F., Stolz, R., Valentini, J., Krisam, J., & Straßner, C. (2022). Evaluation of a Spiritual History with Elderly Multi-Morbid Patients in General Practice—A Mixed-Methods Study within the Project HoPES3. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010538

McCord, G., J. Gilchrist, V., Grossman, S., King, B., McCormick, K., Oprandi, A., Schrop, S., Selius, B., Smucker, W., Weldy, D., Amorn, M., Carter, M., Deak, A., Hefzy, H., & Srivastava, M. (2004). Discussing Spirituality With Patients: A Rational and Ethical Approach. The Annals of Family Medicine, 2(4), 356–361. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.71

Menegatti-Chequini, M. C., Maraldi, E. de O., Peres, M. F. P., Leão, F. C., & Vallada, H. (2019). How psychiatrists think about religious and spiritual beliefs in clinical practice: findings from a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 41(1), 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2447

Moreira-Almeida, A., Sharma, A., van Rensburg, B. J., Verhagen, P. J., & Cook, C. C. H. (2016). WPA Position Statement on Spirituality and Religion in Psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(1), 87–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20304

Naufel, L. Z., Sarno, M. T. C. D., & Alves, M. A. J. (2019). Physicians’ knowledge about patients’ religious beliefs in pediatric care. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 37(4), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00003

Pinto, A. N., & Falcão, E. B. M. (2020). Crenças: Encontro da Formação Médica com a Assistência. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 44(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v44.1-20190239

Piscitello, G. M., & Martin, S. (2020). Spirituality, Religion, and Medicine Education for Internal Medicine Residents. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®, 37(4), 272–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909119872752

Précoma, D. B., Oliveira, G. M. M. de, Simão, A. F., Dutra, O. P., Coelho, O. R., Izar, M. C. de O., Póvoa, R. M. dos S., Giuliano, I. de C. B., Alencar Filho, A. C. de, Machado, C. A., Scherr, C., Fonseca, F. A. H., Santos Filho, R. D. dos, Carvalho, T. de, Avezum Jr., Á., Esporcatte, R., Nascimento, B. R., Brasil, D. de P., Soares, G. P., & Villela, P. B. (2019). Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 113(4), 787–891. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190204

Puchalski, C., Jafari, N., Buller, H., Haythorn, T., Jacobs, C., & Ferrell, B. (2020). Interprofessional Spiritual Care Education Curriculum: A Milestone Toward the Provision of Spiritual Care. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2019.0375

Souza, M. T. de, Silva, M. D. da, & Carvalho, R. de. (2010). Integrative review: what is it? How to do it? Einstein (São Paulo), 8(1), 102–106. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082010rw1134

World Health Organization. (1999). Fifty-second World Health Assembly: verbatim records of plenary meetings and list of participants. Recuperado de Apps.who.int. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/258945

Published

24/04/2023

How to Cite

VIEIRA, A. A. .; MACIEL, P. H. .; GOMES, R. O. do N. .; MENDONÇA, A. V. P. de M. . Spirituality and religiosity: challenges and possibilities into medical practice. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 5, p. e1612541396, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41396. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/41396. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences