Neurotoxoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency: bibliographic review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.41853

Keywords:

Toxoplasmosis Cerebral; Brain Injuries; Infectious encephalitis.

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is the most frequent cause of brain damage with mass effect on the central nervous system (CNS) in immunocompromised patients. The clinical picture is characterized by symptoms compatible with encephalitis, which is the result of a process of reactivation of the chronic infection by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. This study in question is a simple literature review, carried out between March and April 2023, based on a database search: US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Google Scholar. The keywords used for the search were: "Neurotoxoplasmosis HIV" and "Cerebral toxoplasmosis HIV". Thus, the articles were filtered according to the main information about the pathology described, with the purpose of supplying information related to the theme and which were discussed in the following sessions: a) Epidemiology; b) Clinical manifestations; c) Diagnosis; d) Treatment. It is concluded that over time, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of cases of neurotoxoplasmosis in our country. The disease remains a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in people with human immunodeficiency, making it necessary to recognize, diagnose and treat this pathogenesis effectively, since the period between diagnosis and initiation of treatment is decisive in morbidity and mortality. 

References

Araujo, I. R., Ferreira, A. C. G., Vento, D. A., & Guimarães, V. A. (2019). Déficits motores e preditores de perda de mobilidade ao final da internação em indivíduos com neurotoxoplasmose. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, 26, 360-365.

Barsotti, V., & Moraes, A. T. (2005). Neurotoxoplasmose como primeira manifestação da síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida. Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Sorocaba, 7(2), 20-22.

Brant, W. E., Helms, C. A., Brant, W. E., & Helms, C. A. (2008). Fundamentos de radiología diagnóstica. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Campina, M. T., & Queiroz-Fernandes, G. M. D. (2018). Neurotoxoplasmose em pacientes imunocomprometidos e a relevância do diagnóstico por imagem. Rev. Salusvita (Online), 421-435.

Cordovés Molina, K., Zaldívar Pérez, L. M., Camejo González, N., Ricardo Bermúdez, L., & Cruz Rivas, E. (2015). Neurotoxoplasmosis diagnosticada por tomografía axial computarizada en un paciente con sida. Correo Científico Médico, 19(1), 173-179.

Da Infecção, T. P. M. (2013). Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Manejo da Infecção pelo HIV em Adultos.

De Carvalho Silva, V. L. L., Silva, L., dos Santos, T. S., Tavares, C. M., dos Anjos, E. A., de Carvalho Tavares, D. L., & Lessa, L. O. (2016). Perfil epidemiológico dos co-infectados pela neurotoxoplasmose em portadores da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida. Revista Portal: Saúde e Sociedade, 1(3), 242-257.

De Melo, L. M. C., Paulista, M. T., & Sánchez, T. E. G. (2020). Neurotoxoplasmose em pacientes portadores de Imunodeficiência Humana e suas sequelas: Uma revisão narrativa. Brazilian Journal of Development, 6(10), 81527-81538.

Dubey, J. P., Peters, D., & Brown, C. (1992). An unidentified Toxoplasma-like tissue cyst-forming coccidium in a cat (Felis catus). Parasitology research, 78, 39-42.

Fernández, J. A. B. (2007). Neurotoxoplasmosis en enfermos con VIH/sida: Revisión bibliográfica. Medicina, 12(3), 251-258.

Ferreira, I. M., de Mattos, C. C. B., Ferreira, A. I. C., Frederico, F. B., Junior, G. C. A., de Matos, L. C., & Pereira-Chioccola, V. L. (2010). Genotipagem de isolados de Toxoplasma gondii provenientes de pacientes com toxoplasmose ocular residentes em Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP. Revista Saúde-UNG-Ser, 4(1 Esp), 68.

Ferreira Filho, V. E., Mourão, M. A. O., Hissi, P. A., Bittencourt, L. A., Caçador, A. A., Soares, B. M., ... & Galhardo, M. E. G. (2022). Neurotoxoplasmose em portadores de síndrome da imunodeficiência humana: revisão de literatura. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Médico, 17, e11104-e11104.

Ford, N., Shubber, Z., Meintjes, G., Grinsztejn, B., Eholie, S., Mills, E. J., ... & Doherty, M. (2015). Causes of hospital admission among people living with HIV worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The lancet HIV, 2(10), e438-e444.

Galvão, M. C. B., & Ricarte, I. L. M. (2019). Revisão sistemática da literatura: conceituação, produção e publicação. Logeion: Filosofia da informação, 6(1), 57-73.

Gouvêa-e-Silva, L. F., Lima, C. N. S. D., Fernandes, K. T. L., Takanashi, S. Y. L., & Xavier, M. B. (2019). Quality of life and handgrip strength of HIV patients diagnosed with neurotoxoplasmosis. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 21.

Innes, E. A. (2010). A brief history and overview of Toxoplasma gondii. Zoonoses and public health, 57(1), 1-7.

Martins, J. C. M., Cruzeiro, M. M., & Pires, L. A. (2015). Neurotoxoplasmose e neurocisticercose em paciente com AIDS: relato de caso. Revista Neurociências, 23(3), 443-450.

Montoya, J. G. (2002). Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection and toxoplasmosis. The Journal of infectious diseases, 185(Supplement_1), S73-S82

Nóbrega, J. P. S. (1991). Tratamento da neurotoxoplasmose com a associação sulfametoxazoil-trimetoprim relato de 10 casos. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 49, 279-284.

Pereira, I. A. E. (2006). Análise das apresentações clínicas da neurotoxoplasmose na era pós-HAART, correlacionadas com o grau de imunossupressão e ao uso ou não de profilaxia primária em pacientes HIV/AIDS ambulatoriais (Master's thesis).

Suárez-Rivero, B., Belaunde-Clausell, A., Cardoso-García, D., & Piloto-Cruz, A. (2021). La clínica en el diagnóstico de la neurotoxoplasmosis. Revista Médica Electrónica, 43(6), 1738-1746.

Solano Remírez, M., Oliván Ballabriga, A. S., da Costa Rodríguez, G. M., Álvarez Frías, M. T., & González Arencibia, C. (2005, August). Insuficiencia renal por sulfadiazina en paciente VIH con toxoplasmosis cerebral. In Anales de Medicina Interna (Vol. 22, No. 8, pp. 395-396). Arán Ediciones, SL.

UNAIDS. Programa Conjuntodas Nações Unidas sobre HIV/AIDS. Disponível em: < https://unaids.org.br/estatisticas/>. Acesso em: 01 de março 2023.

Downloads

Published

01/06/2023

How to Cite

PEIXOTO, R. A. B. .; MOTA , A.; SANTANA , A. .; VALOIS, R. . Neurotoxoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency: bibliographic review. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 6, p. e1812641853, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i6.41853. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/41853. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 6

Section

Health Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Rebeca Aismiley Beserra Peixoto; Américo Mota ; Aquino Santana ; Rafael Valois

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.