COVID-19 pandemic: scenario of the Brazilian health system for coping with the crisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4383Keywords:
Coronavirus infections; Pandemics; Unified Health System.Abstract
Aims: This study aims to describe and analyze the operational capacity of Brazilian states to face COVID-19. Methodology: Data about the number of physicians (intensivists and pulmonologists), ICU beds and respirators in each federal unit in the country were assessed, and then the relationship between the supply of these factors and regional demands was assessed. The disease lethality rate was calculated fifteen days after the first death was recorded by COVID-19, relating it to the regional capacity to manage with the pandemic. Results: It was evident that there are discrepancies in the supply of doctors, ICU beds and mechanical ventilators in order to attend the regional demands arising from the pandemic. The Federal District stands out as the federative unit with the best ratio of doctors and hospital equipment to face the crisis, while states in the North and Northeast in general have relations worse than the national averages. This unequal distribution seems to interfere in the condition of managing with the disease with the possibility of impacting the mortality rates by COVID-19. Conclusion: There is a discrepancy in the availability of human resources and medical equipment in the country suggesting an unequal capacity to face the crisis that can impact the lethality rates by COVID-19 and the collapse of the health system.
References
Anderson, RM, Heesterbeek, H, Klinkenberg, D & Hollingsworth, TD. (2020). How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? In The Lancet, 21(10228),931–934.
Bai, Y, Yao, L, Wei, T, Tian, F, Jin, DY, Chen, L & Wang, M. (2020). Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 323(14),1406-1407.
Bastos, L. S., Niquini, R. P., Lana, R. M., Villela, D. A. M., Cruz, O. G., Coelho, F. C., Codeço, C. T., & Gomes, M. F. C. (2020). COVID-19 e hospitalizações por SRAG no Brasil: uma comparação até a 12a semana epidemiológica de 2020. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36(4),e00070120.
Guan, W., Ni, Z., Hu, Y., Liang, W., Ou, C., He, J., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C., Hui, D. S. C., Du, B., Li, L., Zeng, G., Yuen, K.-Y., Chen, R., Tang, C., Wang, T., Chen, P., Xiang, J., … Zhong, N. (2020). Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine, 382,1708-1720.
Hallal, P. C., Horta, bernardo L., Barros, A. J. D., Dellagostin, O. A., Hartwig, fernando P., Pellanda, L. C., Struchiner, C. J., Burattini, M. N., Silveira, M. F., Menezes, A. M., Barros, F. C., & Victora, C. G. (2020). Evolução da prevalência de infecção por COVID-19 no Rio Grande do Sul: inquéritos sorológicos seriados. Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva.
IBGE. (2020). Projeções da população por sexo e idades. Acesso em 02 de abril de 2020, em https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/9109-projecao-da-populacao.html?=&t=resultados
Jain, A. (2020). COVID-19 and lung pathology. Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 63(2), 171.
Kucharski, A. J., Russell, T. W., Diamond, C., Liu, Y., Edmunds, J., Funk, S., Eggo, R. M., Sun, F., Jit, M., Munday, J. D., Davies, N., Gimma, A., van Zandvoort, K., Gibbs, H., Hellewell, J., Jarvis, C. I., Clifford, S., Quilty, B. J., Bosse, N. I., … Flasche, S. (2020). Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5),553-558.
Lima, D. L. F., Dias, A. A., Rabelo, R. S., Cruz, I. D. da, Costa, S. C., Nigri, F. M. N., Neri, J. R., Lima, D. L. F., Dias, A. A., Rabelo, R. S., Cruz, I. D. da, Costa, S. C., Nigri, F. M. N., & Neri, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25(5), 1575–1586.
Ministério de Saúde. (2020a). Informações de Saúde (TABNET). Acesso em 02 de abril de 2020, em http://www2.datasus.gov.br/DATASUS/index.php?area=02
Ministério da Saúde. (2020b). Painel de casos de doença pelo coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) no Brasil pelo Ministério da Saúde. Acesso em 11 de maio de 2020, em https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Onder, G., Rezza, G., & Brusaferro, S. (2020). Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association.
Rothe, C., Schunk, M., Sothmann, P., Bretzel, G., Froeschl, G., Wallrauch, C., Zimmer, T., Thiel, V., Janke, C., Guggemos, W., Seilmaier, M., Drosten, C., Vollmar, P., Zwirglmaier, K., Zange, S., Wölfel, R., & Hoelscher, M. (2020). Transmission of 2019-NCOV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany. In New England Journal of Medicine, 382(10),970–971.
Shi, Y., Wang, Y., Shao, C., Huang, J., Gan, J., Huang, X., Bucci, E., Piacentini, M., Ippolito, G., & Melino, G. (2020). COVID-19 infection: the perspectives on immune responses. Cell Death & Differentiation, 27(5),1451-1454.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria - SBP. (2020). COVID-19 em crianças: envolvimento respiratório. Acesso em 12 de abril, em https://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/nid/covid-19-em-criancas-envolvimento-respiratorio/
Sousa, MRN, Barros, SS, Silva, M, Oliveira, APM, Rocha, GM & Oliveira, GAL. (2020). Patogênese e perspectivas de tratamento da Covid-19: uma revisão. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), 05973730.
WHO - World Health Organization. (2020a). Coronavirus. Acesso em 12 de abril, em https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
WHO - World Health Organization. (2020b). WHO COVID-19 Dashboard. Acesso em 12 de abril, em https://covid19.who.int/
Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L, Wei, Y, Li, H, Wu, X, Xu, J, Tu, S, Zhang, Y, Chen, H & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet, 395(10229),1054–1062.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
