Autism spectrum disorder: A family and community medicine approach

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i3.45188

Keywords:

Autism; Family and community medicine; Primary care.

Abstract

Objective: Highlight the role of the primary network in the early diagnosis of the development of ASD, especially the unpreparedness of the family and community care network for adaptive models. Methodology: An integrative bibliographic review was carried out using the following databases: National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). four descriptors were used to outline the research. This process included full texts published between 2014 and 2024 and written in Portuguese or English. The selected articles were screened considering their suitability to the topic and the following steps: (I) reading the titles, (II) the abstracts and, finally, (III) the full texts. Results: The corpus analyzed revealed that there is a correlation between the evolution of ASD and early diagnosis, inferring a tenuous role for teams of professionals and specific screening in public health. Conclusion: More advocacy and education are needed to encourage family doctors to screen for ASD, which involves more resources in the health system, from screening patients in primary care, immediate referral and an increase in immediate assessments.  

References

APA. (2014). Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais [recurso eletrônico]: DSM-5. American Psychiatric Association (APA). (5a ed.), Artmed.

NICE. (2021). Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management. (2021). National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

Baio, J. et al. (2018). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries. 67(6), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6706a1.

Carbone, P. S., et al (2020). Primary Care Autism Screening and Later Autism Diagnosis. Pediatrics. 146 (2), e20192314. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-2314

Campbell, K., et al (2021). Improving Autism Screening and Referrals With Electronic Support and Evaluations in Primary Care. Pediatrics, 147(3), e20201609. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-1609

Doherty, A. J. et al (2020). Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review. BJGP open, 4(3), bjgpopen20X101030. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101030

Doherty, M., et al (2022). Barriers to healthcare and self-reported adverse outcomes for autistic adults: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 12(2), e056904. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056904

Doherty, M., Haydon, C., & Davidson, I. A. (2021). Recognising autism in healthcare. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England: 2005), 82(12), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2021.0313

Gama, C. A. P., et al (2021). Os profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde diante das demandas de Saúde Mental: perspectivas e desafios. Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação, 25, e200438. https://doi.org/10.1590/interface.200438

Genovese, A., & Butler, M. G. (2023). The Autism Spectrum: Behavioral, Psychiatric and Genetic Associations. Genes, 14(3), 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030677

Hart, L. C., et al (2022). Implementation and Evolution of a Primary Care-Based Program for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 52(7), 2924–2933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05171-w

Hayes, J., et al (2022). Autism diagnosis as a social process. Autism: the international journal of research and practice, 26(2), 488–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211030392

Jones, W., et al (2023). Development and Replication of Objective Measurements of Social Visual Engagement to Aid in Early Diagnosis and Assessment of Autism. JAMA network open, 6(9), e2330145. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30145

Mendes, K. D. S., Silveira, R. C. D. C. P., & Galvão, C. M. (2008). Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & contexto-enfermagem, 17, 758-764. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/tce/v17n4/18.pdf

Oliveira, M., et al. (2019). Rastreamento precoce dos sinais de autismo infantil: Um estudo na atenção primária à saúde. Revista Arquivos Científicos (IMMES). 2. 48-53. 10.5935/2595-4407/rac.immes.v2n2p48-53.

Pereira, P.L.S., et al (2021). Importância da implantação de questionários para rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) na atenção primária / Importância da implementação de questionários para rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) na atenção primária. Revista Brasileira de Revisão de Saúde, 4 (2), 8364–8377. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n2-360.

Rosen, N.E., Lord, C. & Volkmar, F.R. (2021) The Diagnosis of Autism: From Kanner to DSM-III to DSM-5 and Beyond. J Autism Dev Disord 51, 4253–4270 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04904-1

Simão, D. A. da S., et al (2023). Evidências sobre a assistência à criança com transtorno do espectro do autismo na atenção primária à saúde: revisão integrativa. Revista Contemporânea, 3(9), 14688–14711. https://doi.org/10.56083/RCV3N9-067

Styles, M., et al (2020). Risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of autism. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), 25(9), 1682–1717. https://doi.org/10.2741/4873

Tsang, L. P. M., et al (2019). Autism spectrum disorder: early identification and management in primary care. Singapore medical journal, 60(7), 324–328. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2019070

Williams, L. N., et al (2022). Primary Care Clinician and Child Characteristics Impacting Autism Surveillance. Brain sciences, 13(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13010018

Published

18/03/2024

How to Cite

PARO, L. B. .; BARRETO, L. B. .; ALVES, N. F. de C. .; MOREIRA, S. L. de A. . Autism spectrum disorder: A family and community medicine approach. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 3, p. e6713345188, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i3.45188. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45188. Acesso em: 22 dec. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences