Accumulation and release of nutrients by cover crops in single cultivation, consortium and polyculture in the South Brazil Region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7870Keywords:
Soil management; Nutrient cycling; Soil cover; No-tillage system.Abstract
The objective of the work was to evaluate production and decomposition of biomass, accumulation and cycling of nutrients by single, intercropped or polyculture cover crops. The study was conducted in two experimental areas, at the Cedeteg Campus, characterized as a low fertility area, and a school farm, characterized as a high fertility area, belonging to UNICENTRO in Guarapuava, PR. The design used was randomized blocks, with 3 treatments and 4 repetitions, being the treatments: single cultivation, intercropping and polyculture of winter cover plants. Biomass production, accumulation of nutrients in biomass (N, P, K, Ca and Mg), C / N ratio, decomposition, and nutrient release were evaluated. For low fertility soils: single cultivation showed higher biomass production and concentration of P and K; for C/N ratio there was no difference; single and polyculture cultivation showed higher residual biomass at 120 days after management; single cultivation had a shorter half life time for most nutrients. For soils with high fertility: consortium and polycultures showed higher biomass production and Mg accumulation; polycultivation presented a greater accumulated amount of N, the consortium accumulated a greater amount of Ca; single cultivation presented a lower C/N ratio and a half life span for nutrients. Single cultivation has an aptitude for nutrient cycling and an increase in biomass in low fertility soils. For highly fertile soils, the consortium and polyculture are options for nutrient cycling and high biomass production.
References
Alcântara, F. A. D., Neto, F., Eduardo, A., Paula, M. B. D., Mesquita, H. A. D., & Muniz, J. A. (2000). Green manuring in the recovery of degraded oxisoil fertility. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 35(2), 277–288. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2000000200006
Alvarenga, R. C., Cabezas, W. A. L., Cruz, J. C., & Santana, D. P. (2001). Plantas de cobertura de solo para sistema plantio direto. Informe Agropecuário, 25–36.
Bortoluzzi, E. C., & Eltz, F. L. F. (2000). Efeito do manejo mecânico da palhada de aveia preta sobre a cobertura, temperatura, teor de água no solo e emergência da soja em sistema plantio direto. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 24(2), 449–457. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832000000200021
Brito, L. F., Galvão, J. C. C., Giehl, J., Coellho, S. P., Campos, S. de A., Barrella, T. P., Dos Santos, T. R., Mendonça, B. F., & De Jesus, E. V. (2019). Decomposition of cover crop mulch and weed control under a no-till system for organic maize. Bioscience Journal, 35(5). https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v35n5a2019-41836
Claessen. (1997). Manual de métodos de análise de solo. (EMBRAPA, Org.; 2o ed). EMBRAPA-CNPS.
Comin, J. J., Ambrosini, V. G., Rosa, D. J., Basso, A., Loss, A., Melo, G. W. B. de, Lovato, P. E., Lourenzi, C. R., Ricachenevsky, F. K., & Brunetto, G. (2018). Calagem como forma de redução da toxidez por cobre em aveia preta. Ciência Rural, 48(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170278
Costa, C. H. M. da, Crusciol, C. A. C., Soratto, R. P., & Neto, J. F. (2016). Phytomass decomposition and nutrients release from pearl millet, guinea grass and palisade grass. Bioscience Journal, 32(5). https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v32n5a2016-32982
Cremonez, F. E. (2018). Uso de plantas de cobertura na entressafra de milho e soja. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná.
Drost, S. M., Rutgers, M., Wouterse, M., de Boer, W., & Bodelier, P. L. E. (2020). Decomposition of mixtures of cover crop residues increases microbial functional diversity. Geoderma, 361, 114060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114060
Duval, M. E., Galantini, J. A., Capurro, J. E., & Martinez, J. M. (2016). Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: Effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions. Soil and Tillage Research, 161, 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.006
EMBRAPA (Org.). (2018). Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. (5o ed).
Favarato, L. F., Souza, J. L. de, Guarçoni, R. C., Fornazier, M. J., & Martins, A. G. (2020). Persistência e liberação de nutrientes de diferentes palhadas no sistema plantio direto orgânico de milho verde. Impacto, Excelência e Produtividade das Ciências Agrárias no Brasil 4, 26–41. https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.5372021053
Ferreira, D. F. (2011). Sisvar: Um sistema computacional de análise estatística. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35(6), 1039–1042. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001
Filho, A. P., Filho, J. T., Salviano, A. M., Yuri, J. E., & Giongo, V. (2019). Nutrient cycling in multifunctional agroecosystems with the use of plant cocktail as cover crop and green manure in the semi-arid. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(5), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2018.13600
Freitas, M. do S. C. de, Souto, J. S., Gonçalves, M., Almeida, L. E. da S., Salviano, A. M., & Giongo, V. (2019). Decomposition and nutrient release of cover crops in mango cultivation in Brazilian semi-arid region. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo, 43. https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20170402
Halde, C., & Entz, M. H. (2016). Plant species and mulch application rate affected decomposition of cover crop mulches used in organic rotational no-till systems. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 96(1), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2015-0095
Hasanuzzaman, M., Fujita, M., Oku, H., Nahar, K., & Hawrylak-Nowak, B. (2018). Plant Nutrients and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Springer.
Hentz, P., Carvalho, N. L., Luz, L. V., & Barcellos, A. L. (2014). Ciclagem de Nitrogênio em Sistemas de Integração Lavoura-Pecuaria. Ciência e Natura, 36(2), 663–676. https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X12629
Hunter, M. C., Schipanski, M. E., Burgess, M. H., LaChance, J. C., Bradley, B. A., Barbercheck, M. E., Kaye, J. P., & Mortensen, D. A. (2019). Cover crop mixture effects on maize, soybean, and wheat yield in rotation. Agricultural & Environmental Letters, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2018.10.0051
IAPAR. (2018). Class_clim—Instituto Agronômico do Paraná—IAPAR. http://www.iapar.br/modules/conteudo/conteudo.php?conteudo=597
Khan, Md. T., Nadeem, F., Gao, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, X., Zeng, Z., & Hu, Y. (2019). A larger root system in oat (Avena nuda L.) is coupled with enhanced biomass accumulation and hormonal alterations under low nitrogen. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17, 4631–4653. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_46314653
Koefender, J., Schoffel, A., Manfio, C. E., & Golle, D. P. (2016). Biomass and nutrient cycling by winter cover crops. Revista Ceres, 63(6), 816–821. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201663060010
Koucher, L. de P., Brunetto, G., Müller Júnior, V., Souza, M., Lima, A. P., Giacomini, S. J., Couto, R. da R., Kurtz, C., Carranca, C. L. V. de A. F., & Comin, J. J. (2017). Nitrogen transfer from cover crop residues to onion grown under minimum tillage in southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo, 41. https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20160347
Mattei, E., Oliveira, P. S. R. de, Rampim, L., Egewarth, J. F., Rego, C. A. R. de M., Piano, J. T., & Herrera, J. L. de. (2018). Remaining straw and release of nutrients from oat managed in integrated crop-livestock. Bioscience Journal, 34(6). https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v34n6a2018-42036
Menezes, C. R. J. (2016). Adubação nitrogenada no milho em sucessão à plantas de cobertura sob sistemas de cultivo do solo. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1696
NEPAR-SCBS. (2019). Manual de métodos de análise de solo (2o ed).
Nevins, C. J., Lacey, C., & Armstrong, S. (2020). The synchrony of cover crop decomposition, enzyme activity, and nitrogen availability in a corn agroecosystem in the Midwest United States. Soil and Tillage Research, 197, 104518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.104518
Oliveira, R. A. de, Brunetto, G., Loss, A., Gatiboni, L. C., Kürtz, C., Müller Júnior, V., Lovato, P. E., Oliveira, B. S., Souza, M., Comin, J. J. (2016). Cover crops effects on soil chemical properties and onion yield. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo, 40. https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20150099
Oliveira, R. A. de, Comin, J. J., Tiecher, T., Piccin, R., Somavilla, L. M., Loss, A., Lourenzi, C. R., Kürtz, C., & Brunetto, G. (2017). Release of phosphorus forms from cover crop residues in agroecological no-till onion production. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 41. https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20160272
Pavinato, P. S., Rodrigues, M., Soltangheisi, A., Sartor, L. R., & Withers, P. J. A. (2017). Effects of cover crops and phosphorus sources on maize yield, phosphorus uptake, and phosphorus use efficiency. Agronomy Journal, 109(3), 1039–1047. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.06.0323
Pellin, D. M. P., Souza, F. R., Wendland, S. B., Bergamin, A. C., Vitorino, A. C. T., & Colla, J. A. A. (2019). Soil coverage plants preceeding maize culture submitted to doses of nitrogen fertilization. Brazilian Journal of Agriculture, 94(2), 153–165. https://doi.org/10.37856/bja.v94i2.3236
Pereira, A. S., Shitsuka, D. M., Parreira, F. J., & Shitsuka, R. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. Brasil. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/15824
Pissinati, A., Moreira, A., & Santoro, P. H. (2016). Biomass Yield and Nutrients Concentration in Shoot Dry Weight of Winter Cover Crops for No-Tillage System. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 47(20), 2292–2305. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2016.1243711
Poffenbarger, H. J., Mirsky, S. B., Weil, R. R., Kramer, M., Spargo, J. T., & Cavigelli, M. A. (2015). Legume proportion, poultry litter, and tillage effects on cover crop decomposition. Agronomy Journal, 107(6), 2083–2096. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj15.0065
Radicetti, E., Mancinelli, R., Moscetti, R., & Campiglia, E. (2016). Management of winter cover crop residues under different tillage conditions affects nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield of eggplant (Solanum melanogena L.) in Mediterranean environment. Soil and Tillage Research, 155, 329–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.09.004
Rampim, L., Pott, C. A., Volanin, A. J. D., Spliethoff, J., Camilo, E. L., Camilo, M. L., Conrado, A. M. C., Kolling, C. E., Conrado, P. M., & Neto, E. G. (2020). Influência do manejo mecânico e da adubação verde nos atributos físicos de Latossolo. Research, Society and Development, 9(5), e173953258. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i5.3258
Rezende, C. d. P., Cantarutti, R. B., Braga, J. M., Gomide, J. A., Pereira, J. M., Ferreira, E., Tarré, R., Macedo, R., Alves, B. J. R., Urquiaga, S., Cadisch, G., Giller, K. E., & Boddey, R. M. (1999). Litter deposition and disappearance in Brachiaria pastures in the Atlantic forest region of the South of Bahia, Brazil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 54(2), 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009797419216
Rheinheimer, D. dos S., Fornari, M. R., Bastos, M. C., Fernandes, G., Santanna, M. A., Calegari, A., dos Santos Canalli, L. B., Caner, L., Labanowski, J., & Tiecher, T. (2019). Phosphorus distribution after three decades of different soil management and cover crops in subtropical region. Soil and Tillage Research, 192, 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.04.018
Silva, A. A. da, Silva, P. R. F. da, Suhre, E., Argenta, G., Strieder, M. L., & Rambo, L. (2007). Sistemas de coberturas de solo no inverno e seus efeitos sobre o rendimento de grãos do milho em sucessão. Ciência Rural, 37(4), 928–935. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782007000400002
Silva, F. C. da. (2010). Manual de Análises Químicas de Solos, Plantas e Fertilizantes (Edição: 2a). Embrapa.
Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Moller, I. M., & Murphy, A. (2016). Fisiologia e Desenvolvimento Vegetal (Edição: 6). Artmed.
Tambara, A. A. C., Sippert, M. R., Jauris, G. C., Flores, J. L. C., Henz, É. L., & Velho, J. P. (2017). Production and chemical composition of grasses and legumes cultivated in pure form, mixed or in consortium. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 39(3), 235–241. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.34661
Thomas, R. J., & Asakawa, N. M. (1993). Decomposition of leaf litter from tropical forage grasses and legumes. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25(10), 1351–1361. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(93)90050-L
Toom, M., Talgre, L., Mäe, A., Tamm, S., Narits, L., Edesi, L., Haljak, M., & Lauringson, E. (2019). Selecting winter cover crop species for northern climatic conditions. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture, 35(4), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2019.1627908
Torres, J. L. R., & Pereira, M. G. (2014). Produção e decomposição de resíduos culturais antecedendo milho e soja num Latossolo no Cerrado mineiro. Comunicata Scientiae, 5(4), 419–426. https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v5i4.508
Varela, M. F., Barraco, M., Gili, A., Taboada, M. A., & Rubio, G. (2017). Biomass decomposition and phosphorus release from residues of cover crops under no-tillage. Agronomy Journal, 109(1), 317–326. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.03.0168
Wendling, M., Büchi, L., Amossé, C., Sinaj, S., Walter, A., & Charles, R. (2016). Influence of root and leaf traits on the uptake of nutrients in cover crops. Plant and Soil, 409(1), 419–434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2974-2
Wolschick, N., Barbosa, F., Bertol, I., Fiorentin dos Santos, K., Werner, R., & Bagio, B. (2016). Cobertura do solo, produção de biomassa e acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura. Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias, 15, 134–143. https://doi.org/10.5965/223811711522016134
Wutke, E. B., Calegari, A., & Wildner, L. do P. (2014). Espécies de adubos verdes e plantas de cobertura e recomendações para seu uso. In ADUBAÇÃO VERDE E PLANTAS DE COBERTURA NO BRASIL: Fundamentos e Prática (1o ed, Vol. 1, p. 61–167).
Ziech, A. R. D., Conceição, P. C., Luchese, A. V., Balin, N. M., Candiotto, G., & Garmus, T. G. (2015). Proteção do solo por plantas de cobertura de ciclo hibernal na região Sul do Brasil. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 50(5), 374–382. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2015000500004
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Edson Lucas Camilo; Marcelo Marques Lopes Müller; Leandro Rampim; Marcelo Luiz Camilo; Weslei Ricardo Graffunder; Jonas Luiz Kulik; Cristiano Andre Pott
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.