La distribución del ictioplancton está directamente relacionada con la hidrodinámica de una región y el comportamiento de desove de los adultos. En este estudio buscamos mapear las zonas de mayor ocurrencia de ictioplancton observadas en la Bahía de São Marcos, que tiene una de las mayores amplitudes de marea en la Costa Amazónica, Brasil. El ictioplancton fue recolectado mediante una técnica de arrastre horizontal en la capa superficial, utilizando una red de rodillos cónicos con malla de 300 μm acoplada a un medidor de flujo, para estimar el volumen de agua filtrada en la Bahía de São Marcos (Complexo Estuarino de São Marcos - CESM, Maranhão) . La densidad se calculó a partir de la relación entre el número total de huevos y larvas en cada muestra y el volumen de agua filtrada. Las fuentes de Ictioplancton se consideraron continuas y se organizaron para representar de forma asincrónica las condiciones de distribución. Para ello se realizó utilizando el polígono de Voronoi para determinar la forma espacial del área de operación de todos los puntos de muestreo. El uso de CESM, como lugar de desove y cría de larvas de peces, se verificó en todas las épocas del año, con mayor densidad de huevos en la época de lluvias y mayor densidad de larvas durante la época seca. La ubicación de las mayores densidades de ictioplancton varió, con las concentraciones más altas más cerca del canal sureste del CESM en la estación seca, moviéndose hacia el centro en la estación lluviosa. El canal sureste del CESM era, por tanto, un área de cría de muchas especies de peces, lo que requería una acción prioritaria para la protección del medio ambiente.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9238Keywords:
Ichthyoplankton; Voronoi polygon; Environmental protection.Abstract
The occurrence of ichthyoplankton is associated to the hydrodynamics and spawning behavior of adults. In this study we aimed to detect regions of concentration of ichthyoplankton in São Marcos Bay, which has macro tidal amplitudes in Amazon Coast, Brazil. Ichthyoplankton was acquired by way of drag technique, using with 300 μm mesh. The density was obtained considering the number of eggs and larvae in filtered water. The sources of Ichthyoplankton were defined continuous and organized to denote the asynchronously the distribution conditions. To this was done using Voronoi polygon to determine the spatial shape of the region of operation of all sampling points. The use of CESM, as a spawning site and breeding fish larvae, was verified at all times of the year, with a higher density of eggs in the wet period and a higher density of larvae during the dry period. The position of the higher ichthyoplankton densities varied, considering concentrations in the area at south-east channel of the CESM in the rainless period, going to the central area in the wet period. The southeast of CESM is, therefore, a nursery for fish, requiring environmental management actions.
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