Lipid profile in children with overweight and obesity: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9952Keywords:
Childhood obesity; Overweight; Metabolic diseases; Dyslipidemias.Abstract
Introduction: Childhood and juvenile obesity has grown significantly in the world in recent decades and is strongly associated with several metabolic abnormalities, such as: glucose intolerance, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, being also major factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes II. Objective: To identify the lipid profile of overweight and obese children and adolescents and to verify the association with cardiometabolic diseases. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, where it was carried out by means of electronic search in the PubMed, BIREME and SciELO databases, from September to October 2019. 255 articles were identified and, through eligibility criteria, a total of 18 were selected at the end. Results: The results of the biochemical analyzes of the articles studied confirm the hypothesis that metabolic changes are already present in childhood and adolescence. Conclusion: The scientific literature presents several studies in which children and adolescents with overweight and obesity have increased concentrations of circulating lipids, and affirm a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, when compared to eutrophic.
References
Associação Brasileira para o estudo da obesidade e da síndrome metabólica (ABESO). (2016). Diretrizes brasileiras de obesidade 2016. VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Obesidade, 7–186.
Barbero, U., D’Ascenzo, F., Nijhoff, F., Moretti, C., Biondi-Zoccai, G., Mennuni, M., Capodanno, D., Lococo, M., Lipinski, M. J., & Gaita, F. (2016). Assessing Risk in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease: When Should We Intensify Care and Follow-Up? Results from a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies of the COURAGE and FAME Era. Scientifica, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3769152
Bibiloni, M. del M., Salas, R., De la Garza, Y. E., Villarreal, J. Z., Sureda, A., & Tur, J. A. (2016). Serum Lipid Profile, Prevalence of Dyslipidaemia, and Associated Risk Factors Among Northern Mexican Adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 63(5), 544–549. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001325
Chang, C.-J., Jian, D.-Y., Lin, M.-W., Zhao, J.-Z., Ho, L.-T., & Juan, C.-C. (2015). Evidence in Obese Children: Contribution of Hyperlipidemia, Obesity-Inflammation, and Insulin Sensitivity. PLOS ONE, 10(5), e0125935. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125935
Chedjou-Nono, E., Sap, S., Choukem, S. P., Ngosso Tetanye, I., Nebongo, D., & Koki Ndombo, O. (2017). Cardiometabolic profile of obese children in a sub-Saharan African setting: A cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics, 17(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0880-2
Cunha, N. S. da, & Bonamigo, A. W. (2020). Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em pré-escolares no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e331973987. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3987
Dalili, S., Rezvani, S. M., Dalili, H., Mohtasham Amiri, Z., Mohammadi, H., Medghalchi, A., Novin, M. H., & Gholamnezhad, H. (2014). Cardio-metabolic risk factors in Iranian children: where we are and the others? Acta Medica Iranica, 52(11), 831–836.
de Ferranti, S. D. (2012). Childhood Cholesterol Disorders: The Iceberg Base or Nondisease? Medical Clinics of North America, 96(1), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2012.01.011
Deeb, A., Attia, S., Mahmoud, S., Elhaj, G., & Elfatih, A. (2018). Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight and Obese Children. Journal of Obesity, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8626818
Dhuper, S., Sakowitz, S., Daniels, J., Buddhe, S., & Cohen, H. W. (2009). Association of Lipid Abnormalities With Measures and Severity of Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among Overweight Children and Adolescents. Journal of the CardioMetabolic Syndrome, 11(10), 594–600. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-4572.2009.00056.x
Di Cesare, M., Sorić, M., Bovet, P., Miranda, J. J., Bhutta, Z., Stevens, G. A., Laxmaiah, A., Kengne, A.-P., & Bentham, J. (2019). The epidemiological burden of obesity in childhood: a worldwide epidemic requiring urgent action. BMC Medicine, 17(1), 212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1449-8
Elmaoğulları, S., Tepe, D., Uçaktürk, S. A., Karaca Kara, F., & Demirel, F. (2015). Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Associated Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology, 7(3), 228–234. https://doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.1867
Faludi, A., Izar, M., Saraiva, J., Chacra, A., Bianco, H., Afiune Neto, A., Bertolami, A., Pereira, A., Lottenberg, A., Sposito, A., Chagas, A., Casella-Filho, A., Simão, A., Alencar Filho, A., Caramelli, B., Magalhães, C., Magnoni, D., Negrão, C., Ferreira, C., … Salgado Filho, W. (2017). Atualização da diretriz brasileira de dislipidemias e prevenção da aterosclerose - 2017. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 109(1). https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170121
Furtado, J. M., Almeida, S. M., Mascarenhas, P., Ferraz, M. E., Ferreira, J. C., Vilanova, M., Monteiro, M. P., & Ferraz, F. P. (2018). Anthropometric features as predictors of atherogenic dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk in a large population of school-aged children. PLoS ONE, 13(6), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197922
Gomes, D. C. K., Sichieri, R., Junior, E. V., Boccolini, C. S., de Moura Souza, A., & Cunha, D. B. (2019). Trends in obesity prevalence among Brazilian adults from 2002 to 2013 by educational level. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 965. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7289-9
Gregory, J. W. (2019). Prevention of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10(669). https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00669
Karney, A., Brągoszewska, H., Soluch, L., Ołtarzewski, M., Hospitalizacji, O., Dnia, J., Matki I Dziecka, I., Obrazowej, Z. D., & Warszawa, P. (2017). Czynniki Ryzyka Rozwoju Miażdżycy U Otyłych Dzieci W Wieku 6612 Lat Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Obese Children Aged 6612 Years. Developmental Period Medicine, XXI, 3.
Lartey, A., Marquis, G. S., Aryeetey, R., & Nti, H. (2018). Lipid profile and dyslipidemia among school-age children in urban Ghana. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5196-0
Makkes, S., Renders, C. M., Bosmans, J. E., van der Baan-Slootweg, O. H., & Seidell, J. C. (2013). Cardiometabolic risk factors and quality of life in severely obese children and adolescents in the Netherlands. BMC Pediatrics, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-62
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia, & Insumos Estratégicos. Departamento de Ciência, & Tecnologia. (2014). Diretrizes metodológicas: elaboração de revisão sistemática e metanálise de estudos observacionais comparativos sobre fatores de riscos e prognóstico.
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Nielsen, T. R. H., Lausten-Thomsen, U., Fonvig, C. E., Bøjsøe, C., Pedersen, L., Bratholm, P. S., Hansen, T., Pedersen, O., & Holm, J. C. (2017). Dyslipidemia and reference values for fasting plasma lipid concentrations in Danish/North-European White children and adolescents. BMC Pediatrics, 17(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0868-y
Norris, A. L., Steinberger, J., Steffen, L. M., Metzig, A. M., Schwarzenberg, S. J., & Kelly, A. S. (2011). Circulating oxidized LDL and inflammation in extreme pediatric obesity. Obesity, 19(7), 1415–1419. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.21
Núñez-Robles, E., Huapaya-Pizarro, C., Torres-Lao, R., Esquivel-León, S., Suarez-Moreno, V., Yasuda-Espinoza, M., & Sanjinés-López, G. (2014). Prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y riesgo metabólico en escolares, universitarios y mujeres de organizaciones sociales de base en distritos de Lima, Callao, La Libertad y Arequipa, Perú 2011. Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica, 31, 652–659.
Onyenekwu, C. P., Dada, A. O., & Babatunde, O. T. (2017). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among overweight and obese Nigerian adolescents and young adults. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 20(6), 670–676. https://doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.196085
Oussaada, S. M., van Galen, K. A., Cooiman, M. I., Kleinendorst, L., Hazebroek, E. J., van Haelst, M. M., ter Horst, K. W., & Serlie, M. J. (2019). The pathogenesis of obesity. Metabolism, 92, 26–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.12.012
Pereira, P. B., De Arruda, I. K. G., De Souza Cavalcanti, A. M. T., & Da Silva Diniz, A. (2010). Lipid profile of schoolchildren from Recife, PE. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 95(5), 606–613. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0066-782x2010005000136
Pires, A., Martins, P., Pereira, A. M., Silva, P. V., Marinho, J., Marques, M., Castela, E., Sena, C., & Seiça, R. (2015). Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular changes in a group of obese children. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 104(4), 266–273. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20140206
Richardson, W. S., Wilson, M. C., Nishikawa, J., & Hayward, R. S. (1995). The well-built clinical question: a key to evidence-based decisions. ACP journal club,123(3). A12-3.
Rodrigues, A., Abreu, G. R., Resende, R. S., Goncalves, W., & Gouvea. (2013). Cardiovascular risk factor investigation: a pediatric issue. International Journal of General Medicine, 57. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S41480
Simmonds, M., Llewellyn, A., Owen, C. G., & Woolacott, N. (2016). Predicting adult obesity from childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews, 17(2), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12334
WHO Consultation on Obesity (1997: Geneva, S., Diseases, W. H. O. D. of N., & World Health Organization. Programme of Nutrition, F. and R. H. (n.d.). Obesity : preventing and managing the global epidemic : report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, Geneva, 3-5 June 1997. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/63854
Xavier, H., Izar, M., Faria Neto, J., Asaad, M., Rocha, V., Sposito, A., Fonseca, F., JE, D. S., Santos, R., Bertolami, M., Faludi, A., Martinez, T., Diament, J., Guimarães, A., Forti, N., E, M., Chagas, A., Coelho, O., & Ramires, J. (2013). V Brazilian Guidelines of dyslipidemias prevention of atherosclerosis. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 101(4), 1–22.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Amanda Maria Guimarães Barros; Diego Bulcão Visco; Rayli Maria Pereira da Silva; Shirley Pereira da Paiva Alves ; Mônica Oliveira da Silva Simões ; Carla Campos Muniz Medeiros ; Danielle Franklin de Carvalho
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.